移动互联下动态车辆路线问题的在线响应和智能优化

In order to solve the short useful vehicle routing results caused by the continuous influx of real-time information under mobile internet. The research project study the dynamic vehicle routing problem under mobile internet. In which, the real-time demands, the real-time available social vehicles and the real-time road congestion events are considered. The online optimization method is used. To realize the online decision process of "Real-time Information→ Online Response→ Intelligent Adjustment→ Real-time Feedback", three corresponding online response strategies and real-time adjustment optimization models are performed separately. Then the proposed models are solved using optimization algorithms. Finally, some experiments are used to analyze the impact of the real-time demands, the real-time available social vehicles and the real-time road congestion events on the vehicle routing problem. And the Online mechanism of the studied problem is presented. The research results can expand the theoretical base and practical application scope of "online optimization method" and "shared economy". The real-time features and flexibility of the vehicle routing problem can be improved. The vehicle utilization can be increased. The resource waste and pollution emission can be reduced.

为解决移动互联下实时信息的连续涌入造成车辆路线优化结果的时效性很短的问题，本项目以移动互联下的动态车辆路线问题为研究对象，采用在线优化的方法，分别针对序列到来且不可预知的实时货物需求、序列到来且不可预知的实时可用社会运力、序列到来且不可预知的实时道路拥堵事件，提出适合其问题特征的车辆路线在线响应策略；建立相应的智能调整模型并求解；实现“实时信息→在线响应→智能调整→实时反馈”的在线决策过程。最后，辅以实验进行影响规律分析，揭示移动互联下车辆路线问题的在线机理，探究移动互联环境下实时需求、实时社会运力利用、实时道路网络对车辆路线的影响规律。研究成果可扩展“在线优化方法”和“共享经济”的理论基础和实际应用范围，提高车辆利用率，提高车辆调度的实时性和灵活性，减少资源浪费和污染排放。

课题组以移动互联下的动态车辆路线问题为研究对象，采用在线优化的方法，从“车与货”、“车与车”、“车与道路”三个不同共享主体出发，针对序列到来且不可预知的实时货物需求、序列到来且不可预知的实时可用可社会运力、序列到来且不可预知实时道路拥堵事件，研究了移动互联下动态车辆路线问题的在线响应和智能优化。.首先，从“车与货”共享视角出发，考虑订单需求的模糊特征，立足于实时响应策略且可提前预优化路径，研究了带时间窗偏好的多行程模糊需求车辆路径优化问题；考虑订单的实时到来（动态需求），立足于周期性响应策略，研究了动态需求下车辆路径问题的周期性优化；考虑需求动态到来且可提前获知其随机概率分布，立足于实时响应策略和在线决策，研究了动态随机需求车辆路径问题的价值逼近在线决策；进一步扩展到多车辆同时在线问题，研究了求解多车辆随机需求车辆路径问题动态解的价值逼近在线决策。.其次，从“车与车”共享视角出发，考虑实时社会运力，对求解静态问题的启发式算法和智能算法的性能进行初探，即提出了一种混合Memetic算法用于求解带时间窗的车辆路径优化问题；考虑在社会运力有限，提出半柔性覆盖策略，研究半柔性覆盖的多配送中心路线优化问题；以“餐食外卖配送路径优化问题”为实际应用背景，考虑“外卖骑手”为社会运力，研究随机动态即时餐食外卖服务的实时响应和在线决策。.最后，从“车与道路”共享视角出发，考虑时变旅行时间和道路网络因素，研究时变条件下基于道路网的车辆路径优化问题。.研究成果揭示移动互联下动态车辆路线问题的在线机理，探究移动互联环境下实时需求、实时社会运力利用、实时道路网络对车辆路线的影响规律，扩展了“在线优化方法”和“共享经济”的理论和实际应用范围。