New discovery of deep-sea exploration has been confirmed that the deep-sea carbon cycle had ever exerted a profound influence on the atmospheric CO2 content through the upper ocean in some specified periods, indicating that the deep-sea carbon cycle is one of the key processes in the global carbon cycle and also a key aspect overlooked before. Relying on the academic platform of the large research project “South China Sea deep process evolution”, this study will apply the newly developed paleoceanographic proxy, boron/calcium (B/Ca) ratio of benthic foraminifera, to reconstruct the deepwater carbonate ion concentration ([CO32-]) in the late Quaternary cores of the western equatorial Pacific (MD01-2386) and the South China Sea (MD05-2904). Through the comprehensive analysis on the deepwater paleoceanographic records (including [CO32-], benthic foraminiferal 13C and faunal indicators) in both cores, this study aims to monitor the changes of deep water carbonate chemistry in the western Pacific and further investigate its influence on the carbon cycle of the SCS deep water. This study will provide new knowledge on the paleoceanographic changes of the SCS deepwater during the late Quaternary, and helps to understand the mechanisms of the global deep circulation and marine carbon cycle.
深海探索的新发现证明,深海碳循环在特定时期可以通过上层海洋对大气CO2浓度变化产生影响,是“全球变化”中碳循环的关键过程,也是以往研究忽视的重要环节。本项研究借助“南海深海过程演变”重大研究计划的学术平台,计划采用近几年国际古海洋学新发展的底栖有孔虫B/Ca比值替代性指标,通过对赤道西太平洋(MD01-2386)和南海北部(MD05-2904)柱状样开展底栖有孔虫B/Ca比值测试分析,建立晚第四纪太平洋与南海深层水[CO32-]记录,结合底栖有孔虫属种组合和稳定氧碳同位素测试结果,并与南大洋、北太平洋深层水的古海洋记录比较,来探讨冰期旋回中西太平洋深层海水碳酸盐化学的变化及太平洋深层水对南海深部碳循环的影响,进一步认识晚第四纪南海深水古环境变化,为理解大洋深部洋流和碳循环等全球变化的机制做出贡献。
项目主要通过研究南海与西太平洋站位底栖有孔虫氧碳同位素、B/Ca比值等特征,重建区域的晚第四纪深层水洋流及碳酸根离子浓度的变化,结合太平洋的深水古海洋学记录,进一步探讨了太平洋深部经向环流的演变及其全球气候意义。南海50个站位的表层样与柱状样站位中Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi的稳定氧碳同位素的综合记录显示,南海中层(500-1000 m)与深层水团(>1500 m)的δ18O与δ13C梯度在LGM时期明显增加,指示该时期南海深部水团分层性加强,深层通风效应减弱,中、深层水团垂向交换作用减弱,这有助于深海“储碳效应”的增加,使南海可能从作为现代大气CO2的“碳源”变成冰期的“碳汇”。晚第四纪南海(MD05-2904与MD05-2896站位Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi B/Ca指标重建)与太平洋深层水[CO32-]、CaCO3的变化趋势相似,均显示出“太平洋型”CaCO3%模式,表明南海深层水团的碳酸盐化学记录能反映“上游”太平洋相应的变化趋势,也支持溶解作用主控“太平洋型”CaCO3%模式的观点。利用南海(下游)与太平洋(上游)区域深层水[CO32-]与δ13C的梯度来建立晚第四纪太平洋径向翻转流的变化,显示冰期(e.g., MIS 2, 4与6)相对间冰期(e.g., MIS 1与5e)梯度降低,指示深部环流减弱,与我们MPI-ESM洋流-气候模型模拟的结果相一致。[CO32-]与δ13C的记录也表明冰期太平洋深部海水的碱度增加,使全球海洋平均的碱度增大。综合分析表明,太平洋深部翻转流减弱、海水碱度增加将促使冰期海洋吸纳大气中CO2并储存在深海,从而降低大气CO2浓度,为理解冰期旋回中大气CO2波动机制提供了重要的依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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