soil particle size distribution and soil-binding strength, with the remarkable spatial variation, significantly influence on surface dust emission rate, which bring a lot of uncertainty to the calculation precision of the aeolian dust emission models. This project will reveal surface heterogeneity on small scale and its impact to the dust emission rate, through measurement on the characteristic parameters, containing surface soil components quantity, penetration resistance, as well as aerosol PM10 concentration near surface. Regarding Gobi and dry lake surface in arid areas as research object, we will set square sample on the open and flat terrain, and sample on the land surface by grids and take measurement, in order to obtain data set of surface soil components quantity and point penetration resistance. Then, we plan to establish multicomponent composite space distribution function model of soil components quantity and penetration resistance using probability density function analysis method, and analyze the spatial distribution law of soil particle size and soil-binding strength in Gobi and dry lake. Moreover, the temporal and spatial variation of near surface aerosol PM10 concentration also need to be moinitored, when dust storms events with different strength occur. Base on measurement data, the correlation analysis will be made between soil particle component \ soil-binding strength and aerosols PM10. Furthmore, we can establish the regression model, making the quantitative evaluation of the effecte of surface heterogeneity to dust emission rate in Gobi and dry lake area.
土壤粒径分布和粘结力大小显著影响地表沙尘释放率,其空间差异显著,并给风蚀沙尘释放模式计算精度带来很大不确定性。本项目拟对其主要指标土壤组分含量和贯入阻力数据测定与近地表气溶胶PM10浓度时空变化观测相结合的方法揭示小尺度地表异质性对沙尘释放率的影响。以干旱区戈壁和干湖地表为研究对象,在地势开阔,平坦的区域布设方形样地,并对地表进行网格化取样和测量,获得各样点地表土壤组分含量和贯入阻力数据。基于概率密度函数分析方法,建立土壤组分含量和贯入阻力相结合的多元复合空间分布函数模型,分析戈壁和干湖地表土壤粒径分布和粘结力特征参数的空间分布规律。同时监测不同强度尘暴事件发生时,近地表气溶胶PM10浓度时空变化。在此基础上,对不同网格尺度的土壤组分含量\贯入阻力平均通量数据和气溶胶PM10浓度平均通量数据进行相关性分析,建立回归模型,定量评价戈壁和干湖地表异质性对沙尘释放率的影响。
中国西北方干旱半干旱区是影响东亚及西太平洋地区的主要沙尘源区。源区包括多种沙尘释放地表,干涸河流,湖泊,绿洲退化地,戈壁,沙漠,以及沙地等,其空间差异显著,给风蚀沙尘释放模式计算精度带来很大不确定性。本项目基于野外观测和稀土元素测量获得了风沙活动过程中典型景观地表风蚀粒谱变化模式,地表风蚀强度、PM10沙尘释放率、PM10稀土元素含量空间分布特征,从颗粒组分变化角度解释了各景观地表风蚀沙尘释放、传输和沉积过程,指示出各区域景观地表风沙活动特征及其风能背景,沙尘释放源以及区域沙尘内循环过程,为干旱区地表风蚀模型校准和防沙治沙工程提供了数据基础。.结果表明,塔克拉玛干沙漠区和青海敦煌河西阿拉善戈壁区地表以高频低风能风沙活动过程为主。风沙活动过程中,区域绿洲退化地表以及塔克拉玛干边缘沙海地表和戈壁地表平均风蚀强度较大(Ir=15.76 kg day-1m-2和Ir=27.28 kg day-1m-2 ),PM10沙尘释放率高(QPM10=1.128 kg day-1m-2,QPM10=0.557 kg day-1m-2,为该区主要的沙尘释放地表。塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙海,地表可悬移的PM10粒径组分含量较低,尽管地表风蚀强烈(Ir:45.07 kg day-1m-2),但其沙尘释放率低(QPM10:2.608 kg day-1m-2),为该区域弱沙尘释放地表。由于高频的粉尘循环过程,该区域各景观地表PM10组分稀土元素含量具有高度一致性,其平均含量为168.73μg/g,标准偏差为23.45μg/g。 PM10组分稀土元素的比值在塔克拉玛干沙漠区和其他研究区具有显著的差异性,揭示其沙尘非同源。毛乌素沙地,阴山北部草地,浑善达克沙地及周边草地,科尔沁沙地风沙区,风沙活动过程以低频高风能输沙过程为主,四大区域地表平均风蚀强度和沙尘释放量极低( Ir:5.2 kg day-1m-2,QPM10:0.103 kg day-1m-2),为弱沙尘释放源区;这些区域分布在主导风西北风,西风路径上,受青海敦煌河西阿拉善戈壁区粉尘的供给,其PM10组分稀土元素的比值具有相似性,PM10组分稀土元素相对富积,其平均含量为216.76μg/g,标准偏差为24.16μg/g 。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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相关观测值双因子抗差估计的改进算法
干旱区沙漠与河流复合地貌过程研究进展
戈壁沙尘释放率及其对地表异质性响应机制的研究
重点沙尘源区沙尘释放率的对比研究
地表沙尘释放过程以及沙尘暴发生机制的研究
无机氮对海草凋落叶分解率及其溶解有机碳释放率的影响