海洋动力学环境高灵敏光纤微腔传感器的飞秒激光制备及传感特性研究

In this project, we will mainly investigate the femtosecond laser fabrication of ocean dynamic environment fiber microcavity sensor and its sensing characteristics, which provides theoretical bases and practical methods for highly sensitive etection of ocean dynamic environment. First, we will establish theoretical sensing models of fiber mircocavities, and design different fiber mircocavity structures for temperature, salty, flow speed and pressure sensing respectively. Then, the fabrication mechanism of fiber mircocavity by using femtosecond laser induced water-breakdown will be investigated, and the designed fiber mircocavity structures will be achieved. Finally, based on the fiber division multiplexing method, we will integrate temperature,salty,flow speed and pressure fiber mircocavity structures into one sensor. By investigating the sensing characteristics of the ocean dynamic environment fiber microcavity sensor, we will further optimize the structure parameters of fiber microcavities and improve their sensitivities,to realize real time highly sensitive detection of ocean dynamic environment with multi- parameters.

本课题主要研究海洋动力学环境光纤微腔传感器的飞秒激光制备及其传感特性，为海洋动力环境的高灵敏探测提供理论与技术支持。首先，建立光纤微腔传感理论模型，针对海洋动力学环境温度、盐度、流速、压强各个参数分别设计出高灵敏微腔传感结构。其次，研究光纤微腔的飞秒激光诱导水击穿制备机理，并在光纤中制备出各种微腔传感结构。最后，基于光纤微腔传感结构的光纤复用方案，将温度、盐度、流速、压强光纤微腔传感结构复用集成到光纤微腔传感器中，通过研究海洋动力环境光纤微腔传感器的传感特性，对传感器内的各个光纤微腔传感结构参数进行优化，不断提高传感灵敏度，实现对海洋动力环境的多参数、实时高灵敏探测。

光纤传感器件具有体积小、功耗低、灵敏度高、信号传输能力强、抗电磁干扰、抗腐蚀、易于集成复用等独特优势，克服了传统电子传感设备的缺点，在海洋环境水下观测领域具有巨大的应用前景。本课题使用飞秒激光制备了可应用于海洋动力学环境的高灵敏度光纤微腔传感器，并对其传感特性展开分析。课题进行过程中深入研究了飞秒激光诱导水击穿物理机理，建立了更加符合实验结果的飞秒激光诱导水击穿模型，对制备参数进行了优化。在此基础上，我们建立了光纤微腔传感理论模型，针对海洋动力学环境温度、盐度、流速、压强各个参数分别设计并制备出了高灵敏微腔传感结构，并进行了保护封装与探头集成，实现了多参数同时传感监测。此外，我们研发了与光纤微腔传感探头相配套的温盐流压解调系统，实现了对光纤温度、盐度、流速、压强探头信号的准确实时解调，温度探测灵敏度达到6674pm/℃，精度为0.0009℃，盐度探测灵敏度达到18750pm/PPT，精度为0.0016PPT，流速探测灵敏度达到14.3Hz/(m/s)，精度为1cm/s，压强探测灵敏度达到52pm/KPa，精度为0.08Kpa。