毛细驱动微流道动电转换的应用基础研究

Converting environment energies into electricity offers a promising way to supply power for micro-electronics or micro/nano systems, without utilizing of chemical cells. Efficient energy conversion method with stable and high power output is always the fundamental pursuit of such self-powered systems. Traditional fluidic machinery has the inherent excellent stability, high efficiency and high power output, however suffers from its structural complexity and requisite of external driven pressure, thus can hardly be utilized in self-powered systems directly. This project proposed a novel fluidic approach to generate electricity, taking the natural evaporation as the driven force. By utilizing the electokinetic phenomenon in nanoporous materials, the waste heat in environment is converted into electricity spontaneously with only a piece of porous thin film. We investigate the carrier transport and synergistic heat & mass transfer in this process theoretically and experimentally. The result may offer a brand new way for environment waste heat recovery and open up prospect for fluidic machinery in self-powered applications.

自发收集环境能量转化为电能的自驱动技术可突破传统化学电池的限制，开辟微电子设备和微纳系统供能技术的新思路，而具有稳定输出、高效率、高输出功率的能量收集利用方式是自驱动技术的关键。传统流体机械本身稳定可靠，功率效率高，却因为结构复杂且需要外部压力源的特点难以在自驱动领域直接应用。本项目从微流道动电转换现象入手，提出以毛细力代替外部压力源，并将整个发电系统集成于一块微米级厚纳米多孔薄膜，以自然蒸发驱动流体流动，从而自发将环境热能转化为电能对外输出。本项目将从理论和实验两方面分别研究电能转换过程所涉及的蒸发流动动电转换耦合规律、固液界面静电力场下载流子传输与转换机理，并以理论为指导设计制造高性能蒸发发电薄膜。该项目的成果将可能架起流体机械与新兴微电子设备供能领域的一座桥梁，促进流体机械在自驱动电子领域的全新应用。

自发收集环境能量转化为电能的自驱动技术可突破传统化学电池的限制，开辟微电子设备和微纳系统供能技术的新思路，而具有稳定输出、高效率、高输出功率的能量收集利用方式是自驱动技术的关键。传统流体机械本身稳定可靠，功率效率高，却因为结构复杂且需要外部压力源的特点难以在自驱动领域直接应用。本项目从微流道动电转换现象入手，提出以毛细力代替外部压力源，并将整个发电系统集成于一块微米级厚纳米多孔薄膜，以自然蒸发驱动流体流动，从而自发将环境热能转化为电能对外输出。本项目将从理论和实验两方面分别研究电能转换过程所涉及的蒸发流动动电转换耦合规律、固液界面静电力场下载流子传输与转换机理，并以理论为指导设计制造高性能蒸发发电薄膜。该项目的成果将可能架起流体机械与新兴微电子设备供能领域的一座桥梁，促进流体机械在自驱动电子领域的全新应用。