速生材高得率浆的酶精制及纤维组分中纤维聚糖结构的微观变化机制

High yield mechanical pulps(CTMP and APMP)of fast-growing woods are studied by using new methods of enzymatic purified pulping and enzymic latency removal in mechanical pulping process to improve their pulpability and pulps quality in which cellulase and hemicellulase which can degrade hemicellulose and low molecular weight lignin are used and factors are optimized. Superficial characteristics of fibre polysaccharide are analyzed using modern analyzing technology such as appearance,chemical components and spectrum analysis. Superficial chemical components of fibre, founctional group of polysaccharide,fibre accessibility and fibre morphology in enzymatic purified pulping and enzymatic latency removal processes are explored.Influence of enzymic purified and enzymatic latency removal on physical and chemical structure of mechanical pulp fibres are made clear.Acting rules of fibre polysaccharide structure in different area,length classification and superficial characteristics in enzymatic purified pulping and enzymatic latency removal processes are understanded.Acting mechanism of enzymatic purified technology improving mechanical pulpability is illustrated. Acting character of enzymes on extrusion,refining and latency removal are found out.The results will establish academic foundation for production of special enzymes for papermaking and improvement of high yield mechanical pulps by biological method,and enrich scientific theoretical system of biological technology about enzymatic modification of fibres.

本项目以速生材高得率浆（CTMP和APMP）为研究对象，提出了酶精制、酶促消潜等新概念，即利用可降解半纤维素、小分子木素-碳水化合物复合体的纤维素酶和半纤维素酶处理木片和纸浆，对速生材机械浆进行酶精制以改善其制浆性能和提高纸浆质量，并进一步优化过程因素。采用形貌分析、化学成分分析和波谱分析等现代分析技术对酶精制、酶促消潜过程中的纤维聚糖的变化进行表征，探索酶精制、酶促消潜过程中纤维表面化学成分、聚糖功能基、纤维可及度和纤维形态的变化，弄清酶精制、酶促消潜对机械浆纤维结构的影响，了解不同结构区域纤维结构、长度级分和表面特性以及在酶精制、酶促消潜过程中的作用规律，阐明酶精制技术改善机械制浆性能的作用机制，深入揭示酶制剂对机械浆挤碾、磨浆和消潜的作用。研究结果可为造纸专用酶制剂的生产和通过生物途径改善高得率机械浆生产奠定理论基础，并丰富生物技术中有关纤维组分的酶修饰与纤维酶法改性的科学理论体系。

项目以速生材杨木高得率浆为研究对象，采用现代分析测试手段研究了酶精制、酶促消潜过程中高得率浆纤维聚糖结构的变化，探讨了精磨浆后消潜段纤维素酶和半纤维素酶的酶精制作用及酶处理后纤维形状参数差异，确定了酶精制对纸浆物理强度和光学性能的影响。通过探索纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和漆酶对纸浆纤维的影响以及酶处理前后纤维超微结构和分子结构的变化规律，比较不同酶解性能的差异，弄清了纤维表面组成与酶解性能的关系。通过分析酶精制过程中纸浆纤维形态、物理强度性能和能耗的变化规律，以及纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的酶精制协同作用，阐明了酶精制技术改善高得率浆性能的作用机制，为造纸专用酶制剂的生产和通过生物途径改善高得率机械浆生产奠定了理论基础，丰富了生物技术中有关纤维组分的酶修饰与纤维酶法改性的科学理论体系，研究技术对于我国发展速生材制浆造纸，降低草浆比重，实现造纸工业纤维原料的战略性调整具有十分重要的意义。项目研究成果获国家技术发明奖二等奖1项，山东省技术发明一等奖1项，山东省专利奖一等奖1项，山东省高等学校优秀科研成果一等奖（自然科学类）1项；授权发明专利10项；出版学术专著1部；在国内外学术期刊上发表学术论文29篇，其中SCI收录13篇，EI收录13篇；培养博士和硕士研究生11名，组织19人次参加国内外学术会议。