纳米粒子对聚合物分散液晶薄膜电-光性能的影响规律研究

Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films that consist of nematic liquid crystal molecules dispersed in a continuous polymer matrix are a kind of composite material. They can show transparent/opaque behaviors under electric field on/off states, respectively. The project aims to study the electro-optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal which effect by the inorganic nanoparticles with absorption behavior in the near infrared region. First, a series of inorganic nanoparticles with near infrared absorption property will be prepared and doped into the LC/photo-polymerization monomer mixture. The effects of the nanoparticles with different types, sizes, morphologies and surface-modification methods on the dispersion of the nanoparticles in the composites will be explored. Then, PDLC films were prepared by UV initiated polymerization method with suitable photo-polymerization monomers, and the electro-optical properties of the PDLC films doped with nanoparticles will be carefully investigated. This project will be develop the PDLC films doped with nanoparticles, provide experimental foundation and theoretical guidance for preparing the PDLC films with near infrared absorption property.

聚合物分散液晶薄膜是将向列相液晶均匀的分散在聚合物基体中而形成的一种复合材料。通过调节外加电场，可以实现薄膜从散射态到透明态的切换。本项目拟选用具有近红外吸收特性的纳米粒子，研究纳米粒子对聚合物分散液晶薄膜电光性能的影响。首先从具有近红外吸收特性的纳米粒子的选择和表面改性入手，制备出一系列的纳米粒子，研究纳米粒子的类型、粒径、含量、形貌、表面改性等对其在复合材料中的分散性的影响。然后选用合适的可光聚合单体，将上述纳米粒子掺杂到液晶/可聚合单体混合体系中，通过紫外聚合的方法制备出纳米粒子掺杂型聚合物分散液晶薄膜。研究纳米粒子类型、粒径、形貌、含量、表面功能性基团等对材料电光性能的影响。本项目将探索纳米粒子掺杂型聚合物分散液晶薄膜的制备方法，为开发兼具近红外屏蔽性能的聚合物分散液晶薄膜提供理论和实验指导。

本课题选用具有近红外吸收特性的氧化铟锡纳米粒子，研究纳米粒子对聚合物分散液晶薄膜电光性能和近红外屏蔽性能的影响。首先优化了具有羟基官能团的羟甲基丙烯酸酯（HPMA）聚合体系和富含巯基基团的硫醇（TTMP）/丙烯酸酯聚合体系，然后对ITO纳米粒子进行改性，研究纳米粒子的改性方法、粒径、含量分别对两种紫外聚合体系的性能影响。本项目成功制备出了纳米粒子掺杂型聚合物分散液晶薄膜，通过调控紫外聚合体系类型、纳米粒子的改性方法和含量，可以有效控制聚合物分散液晶薄膜的电光性能和近红外屏蔽性能，为开发具有近红外屏蔽性能的聚合物分散液晶薄膜提供理论和实验指导。