非冗余容错拓扑变频调速系统的有效控制研究

The variable frequency speed regulating system, with a topology of non-redundant fault-tolerant, has following features: multiple constraints, a variety of controlled objectives, time-varying parameters and high real time. There exist some difficulties in controlling it, such as the fluctuation of basic voltage vectors and collision in choosing target voltage vectors considering the shared bridge between rectifier and inverter. The project is aimed to research an effective control method of this sort. The research points are as follows: first, to analyze the circuit topology character and operation mechanization, to build a comprehensively integrated discrete model that includes rectifier, inverter and induction motor, and to solve the problems like real-time high precision state estimation and prediction under time-varying parameters by combining state observers and parameter identification; second, to study optimal coordinated control method for integrated rectifier and inverter based on finite control set model predictive control, including how to choose control objectives and constraints of integrated rectifier and inverter, how to design rational cost function to select optimal switch state combination, how to improve steady and dynamic performance; third, to study a constraint optimization algorithm for cost function weighting factor online search to meet the requirement of performance preference at different conditions and different operation stage. The development of this project can make a big difference in improving safety and reliability of the variable frequency speed regulating system and relevant major products and facilities.

非冗余容错拓扑变频调速系统具有多约束、多控制目标、参数时变和强实时特点，存在基本电压矢量波动、整流逆变共享桥臂的目标电压矢量决策冲突等控制难点，本项目拟研究解决这类系统的有效控制问题。研究内容如下：分析非冗余容错拓扑功率变换器的电路结构特点和工作机理，建立包含整流、逆变和交流电机在内的一体化离散数学模型，结合状态观测器和参数辨识技术研究解决系统参数时变下的实时高精度状态估计和预测问题；以有限控制集模型预测控制为基础，研究整流逆变一体的优化协调控制方法，具体包含如何选择整流逆变一体化系统的控制目标量和约束条件，如何设计合理的目标函数以优化决策功率变换器的开关状态组合，如何改善系统控制目标的动态和稳态性能；研究设计一种约束优化算法实现目标函数权重因子的在线搜索，以满足系统在不同工况和不同运行阶段下的性能偏好。本项目的开展对提升变频调速及与之关联的重大产品和重大设施的安全性和可靠性具有重大意义。

非冗余容错拓扑变频调速系统具有多约束、多控制目标、参数时变和强实时特点，其有效控制方法研究极具挑战性和工程应用价值。本项目重点围绕变频调速系统核心部件的故障诊断、非冗余容错拓扑有效控制和容错方案优化设计等方向开展研究工作。项目组以实现快速准确的故障诊断为目标，研究提出了基于模糊决策、相似性度量、电感储能、证据融合等方法的故障诊断算法。为实现多种故障类型下的有效容错，项目组从功率变换器单桥臂故障、双桥臂故障、传感器故障等多角度出发，重点研究了多种非冗余容错拓扑的建模与控制问题，提出了一系列的高性能容错控制方案。为实现容错方案的进一步优化，项目组结合状态观测器、滑模控制、模糊推理等技术手段，开展了变频调速系统容错控制方案优化设计研究，并解决了故障前后系统实时平滑切换的问题。本项目的研究成果可以应用于变频调速系统典型功率变换器故障的诊断与容错，对提高变频调速系统的可靠性与安全性具有重要的工程应用价值。