工业原料可控吹氧制备铁基非晶合金的机理研究

Fe-based amorphous alloys, with excellent soft magnetic properties and wide application potentials in transformers, wireless charger, new-energy vehicles, intelligent houses and etc., have been listed as one category of the key green materials to develop in China. However, the high manufacturing cost of Fe-based amorphous alloys due to their strict production requirements, including high-purity raw materials and high vacuum to eliminate oxygen and impurities, impedes their large-scale industrialization. In this project, the mechanism of controllable blowing oxygen for producing Fe-based amorphous alloys using industrial raw materials will be investigated. The effects of oxygen impurities (i.e., oxygen and oxides) on the atomic clusters, glass-forming ability and soft magnetic properties of representative Fe-based amorphous alloys prepared by blowing oxygen into the alloy melts and water quenching in the transparent quartz tubes are systematically investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, three-dimensional atom probes, together with the first principle molecular dynamics simulation and etc. The transparent quartz tubes system is designed to visually observe the melts and quantitatively control oxygen flow. It is proved that purification of the melts is achieved by the driven force from the oxide inclusion flotation. The mechanism of impurities regulation by blowing oxygen is investigated to provide instructions for large-scale production of Fe-based amorphous alloys with high performance and low cost. Just as the oxygen top blown converter steelmaking brought the revolution of steel industry, this project not only provides an important insight into the understanding of the effects of oxygen impurities on glass formation, but also gives a useful guideline in the innovation of the impurities-controllable industrial fabrication process of Fe-based amorphous alloys.

软磁性能优异的铁基非晶合金可广泛应用于变压器、无线充电、新能源汽车、智能家居等领域，是国家“十三五”重点发展的高性能绿色节能材料。然而，高昂的制备成本极大阻碍了铁基非晶合金应用和发展，在不损害性能的前提下降低制备成本，对铁基非晶合金的发展和应用具有重要意义。本项目拟发挥石英管中熔体状态可视及气氛可定量控制的优势，探索研究铁基非晶合金工业原料吹氧操作制备的机理。利用X射线光电子能谱、三维原子探针等实验，结合第一性原理分子动力学模拟，揭示铁基非晶合金形成过程中氧与杂质的相互作用机理；厘清夹杂物在熔体中聚集长大、上浮析出的物理机制；研究铁基非晶合金中夹杂物的调控机理，实现可控吹氧操作制备高性能、低成本铁基非晶合金的目标。本项目研究有望揭示氧与杂质在铁基非晶形成过程中的神秘作用、推动铁基非晶合金制备技术的改进和革新，对实现铁基非晶合金低成本、大规模生产和应用，具有重要的科学意义和实践价值。

铁基非晶合金具有优异的软磁性能，广泛应用于变压器、新能源汽车、智能家居等领域，是我国重点发展的高性能绿色节能材料。长期以来，阻碍铁基非晶合金应用和发展的关键问题之一是制备成本高。因此，在不损害性能的前提下降低制备成本，对铁基非晶合金的发展和应用具有重要意义。本项目通过X射线光电子能谱、三维原子探针等实验，并结合第一性原理分子动力学模拟，揭示了铁基非晶合金形成过程中氧与杂质的相互作用机理和夹杂物在熔体中聚集长大、上浮析出的物理机制；研究了工业原料吹氧操作制备铁基非晶合金的机理；实现了可控吹氧操作制备高性能、低成本铁基非晶合金的目标。在此基础上，进一步研究开发了一系列高性能铁基纳米晶合金。研究结果揭示了氧与杂质在铁基非晶形成过程中的神秘作用、推动了铁基非晶合金制备技术的改进和革新，对实现铁基非晶合金的低成本、大规模生产和应用具有重要的科学意义和实践价值。