基于光分布和同化物分配的油菜株型定量方法研究

Choosing rapeseed as research target, the relationships among plant 3D structure, canopy light distribution, photosynthesis, and assimilate partitioning for various rapeseed cultivars will be analyzed at different nitrogen and density levels using 3D laser scanning, point cloud information extraction, and analytical technologies of canopy transmissivity, photosynthetic rate, and organ biomass, and their response of cultivars, environments, and cultivation measures will be expounded. In this study, based on the existing rapeseed growth and morphological models that were developed by our group, the functional-structural rapeseed model will be developed using systematic analysis approaches and mathematical modeling. To achieve it, the plant structure based photosynthetic model, and leaf rank level assimilate partitioning model will first be developed and perfected in terms of light distribution, photosynthesis, and assimilate partitioning. Based on the above research, the relationship between existing plant-type evaluation parameters and plant 3D structure will be quantified, the parameter for plant-type general evaluation will be obtained, and the quantitation of plant-type based on light distribution and assimilate partitioning will be realized; using model statistics test and verification with independent experiment data, and 1:1 chart, etc., the model developed in this study will be further improved and perfected. The current study is attempted to address two key scientific questions: (1) the quantification of interactions among plant-type, light distribution, photosynthesis, and assimilate partitioning, and (2) the identification of the parameters for the integrated evaluation of rapeseed plant-type.

以油菜为对象，拟利用三维激光扫描、点云信息提取，以及冠层透射率、光合速率及器官生物量分析等技术，选取不同油菜品种，在不同施氮水平和移栽密度下，分析油菜植株三维结构、冠层光分布、光合作用及同化物分配间相互关系，阐明其品种、环境和栽培措施响应规律；采用系统分析方法和数学建模技术，在团队已有油菜生长和形态模型基础上，以光分布-光合作用-同化物分配为纽带，建立和完善基于植株三维结构的光合作用模型、叶位级同化物分配模型，形成功能-结构油菜模型；在此基础上，量化现有株型评价参数与植株三维结构间关系，提炼可综合评价株型特征的指标参数，实现基于光分布和同化物分配的油菜株型定量；利用独立试验数据统计检验及1:1作图等方法，分析模型精度，进一步完善所建模型。通过上述研究，拟解决以下两个关键问题：（1）油菜株型结构、光分布、光合作用及同化物分配相互影响的定量；（2）油菜株型综合评价参数的提炼。

株型定量是精确栽培和设计育种的基础。本研究以油菜为对象，通过综合利用三维激光扫描、点云信息提取，以及自主研发的多视角图像自动采集系统和油菜表型提取技术，选取不同油菜品种，在不同施氮水平和移栽密度下，分析油菜植株三维结构、冠层光分布、光合作用及同化物分配间相互关系，并定量了其品种、环境和栽培措施响应规律；采用系统分析方法和数学建模技术，在团队已有油菜生长和形态模型基础上，以光分布-光合作用-同化物分配为纽带，建立和完善基于植株三维结构的光合作用模型、同化物分配模型，形成功能-结构油菜模型；在此基础上，量化现有株型评价参数与植株三维结构间关系，提出了轴高比、分枝向值等新型株型评价参数，提炼了可从整体上综合评价株型特征的综合株型指数，实现基于光分布和同化物分配的油菜株型定量。研究初步解决了以下三个关键问题：（1）油菜形态结构的高速获取；（2）油菜株型结构、光分布、光合作用及同化物分配相互影响的定量；（3）油菜综合株型指数的提炼。