禾谷镰刀菌复合群毒素产生潜力差异及其演变机制研究

Fusarium head blight of wheat and mycotoxin contamination caused by Fusarium graminearum complex not only decreased the wheat yield and quality but also caused food safety concern. Fusarium graminearum can produce various types of mycotoxins, such as DON, ZEN, NEV, FB-2 and others. Since different toxin has different toxicity, the changes of toxin producing potential can cause serious food safety concerns. This program will focus on the molecular evidence and genetic evolution of mycotoxin producing potential of Fusarium graminearum population. At first, the study will detect the types and quantities of mycotoxins from contaminated wheat kernels collected from different regions of wheat FHB and mycotoxin epidemic areas to exhibit the skeleton map of mycotoxin contaminations; Meanwhile, the study will isolate and classify the Fusarium strains from the above scabby kernels to increase the Fusarium germplasm pool; then, the molecular characteristics and chemical type of the Fusarium isolates will be determined based on genotypes of key genes of toxin production (Tri3, Tri5, Tri12, Fum1, PKS),and polymorphism of Variable-number tandem repeat(VNTR) at loci and the velvet gene (veA); The next is to analyze the genetic differentiation and instability of the Fusarium population with genetic analysis based on the multiple loci genotype test data of TEF1-α,β-tublin,VNTR loci,IRS,FUM1,PKS ,VeA and Tri gene cluster. Following, the spatial structure and genetic evolution of toxin producing ability of Fusarium graminearum complex will be revealed with the comparative analysis of toxin types and molecular characteristics of each region's Fusarium population；And finally the trend of mycotoxin contamination in the future could be evaluated region by region. The study will contribute to understand the genetic essence of mycotoxin contamination and also benefit to make effective management of mycotoxins in grains.

镰刀菌引起的小麦赤霉病及其毒素污染严重威胁小麦生产与食用安全。镰刀菌产生的毒素种类多，毒性差异大，因此产毒差异的演变危及小麦的食用价值，危及人畜健康。本项目将对我国赤霉病流行及其毒素污染重点区域的禾谷镰刀菌复合群产毒潜力及其群体内毒素产生差异进行研究，通过分析各区域镰刀菌毒素的污染类别与菌株产毒特性，明确地区间镰刀菌毒素的组成差异及其产毒镰刀菌类别；以产毒关键基因的基因型、VNTR位点等位基因多态性以及VeA基因为基础，通过生物信息学的方法，研究产毒镰刀菌群体的遗传分化及其趋势，揭示镰刀菌群体内产毒遗传不稳定的分子证据；综合化学分析、基因分析以及生物学分析，明确本区域内镰刀菌产生的赤霉毒素分布的时空差异、菌源特征及其分子基础，分析镰刀菌毒素产生潜力及其演变趋势，为小麦赤霉毒素污染的分类治理奠定基础，以保障我国小麦生产安全以及谷物食用安全。

镰刀菌引起的小麦赤霉病及其毒素污染严重威胁小麦生产与食用安全。镰刀菌产生的毒素种类多，毒性差异大，因此产毒差异的演变危及小麦的食用价值，危及人畜健康。本项目对我国赤霉病流行及其毒素污染重点区域的禾谷镰刀菌复合群产毒潜力及其群体内毒素产生差异进行研究，通过分析各区域镰刀菌毒素的污染类别与菌株产毒特性，明确地区间镰刀菌毒素的组成差异及其产毒镰刀菌类别；以产毒关键基因的基因型、VNTR位点等位基因多态性为基础，通过生物信息学的方法，研究产毒镰刀菌群体的遗传分化及其趋势，揭示镰刀菌群体内产毒遗传不稳定的分子证据；综合化学分析、基因分析以及生物学分析，明确本区域内镰刀菌产生的赤霉毒素分布的时空差异、菌源特征及其分子基础，分析镰刀菌毒素产生潜力及其演变趋势，为小麦赤霉毒素污染的分类治理奠定基础，以保障我国小麦生产安全以及谷物食用安全。