新型污染物PPCPs的土壤污染生态过程及其生物响应机制

Significant attention has been focused on the contamination and its ecological risk of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in soil. In the current study, antibiotics (Tetracycline and Chlortetracycline) and Synthetic musk (Galaxolide and Tonalid) are selected as the research object. Based on the field investigation, root-box and pot culture experiment, sequence extraction, HPLC, GC-MS, isotopic labeling, and DNA fingerprinting techniques are used to study the pollution-ecological processes of PPCPs in the soil-plant system, including the interface processes of water-soil and soil-root. Moreover, the biological response mechanism and its influencing factors in PPCPs contamination soil are also researched, and then the ecological risk of PPCPs in soil is predicted. Due to the organic combination of environmental chemical behavior and bio-toxicity effects, the prospective results of this project will improve and promote the development of pollution eco-chemistry and toxicology of China in the future, and provide important scientific basis and theoretical guidance of diagnosis of soil pollution, contaminated soil remediation, and environmental risk management.

药品及个人护理用品（PPCPs）污染及其生态危害日益受到人们的关注。本项目以抗生素（四环素、金霉素）和人工合成麝香（佳乐麝香、吐纳麝香）两大类典型PPCPs为研究对象，基于野外调查结果，通过根箱实验和盆栽实验，利用序列浸提、高效液相色谱、气相色谱-质谱、同位素示踪、DNA指纹等技术手段，重点研究PPCPs在土壤-植物系统中的污染生态过程，特别是水-土、土-根等多介质界面过程及其化学动力学，探讨土壤PPCPs污染的毒理效应、生物响应机制及其主控因子,进而评估和预测土壤中PPCPs的生态风险。研究成果可将污染物的环境化学行为与其对生物的毒性效应有机地结合起来，推动土壤污染生态化学及毒理学的发展，为土壤污染诊断评价、污染土壤修复和风险管理提供科学依据和理论指导。

项目选取环境中检出率较高的典型PPCPs——抗生素（四环素类、磺胺类）以及人工合成麝香（佳乐麝香）作为研究对象，基于对沈阳近郊农田土壤及畜禽粪便中PPCPs残留浓度的调查结果，通过根箱实验、盆栽实验、土柱实验等，利用序列浸提、超高效液相色谱、气相色谱—质谱联用、传统生态毒理学方法结合现代分子生物学检测技术，研究了典型PPCPs在土壤生态系统中的污染生态过程，包括PPCPs在土壤中的迁移以及植物对它们的吸收利用等；探讨了PPCPs对土壤生态系统的生态毒性效应，包括土壤微生物、毒理学模式动植物对环境外源PPCPs胁迫的响应；初步分析了典型PPCPs在土壤生态系统中的环境地球化学行为与其对模式生物的生态毒性效应之间的相互关系，从而综合评价PPCPs潜在的生态风险。项目研究成果为土壤新型污染物的风险评估提供了基础数据和科学依据。