网络条件下高速铁路动车组运用优化理论与方法研究

Network operation of High-speed railway led to an urgent need to study the optimal utilization of EMU. Considering the changes in network structure, resource distribution, the features of passengers, etc., the operation characteristics of High-speed railway network will be summarized, and the management features of EMU in High-speed railway network is to be revealed. Then, the management and operation pattern in accordance with the actual demand of network operation is to be explored. After the quantitative analysis of the factors that influence the establishment of the EMU, the problem studied in our research will be decomposed from the angle of temporal and spatial, and the optimization model of EMU scheduling is to be built. By analyzing the characteristics of the established model, the feasible and effective heuristic algorithm will be designed and the real data of the network operation will be used to carry out the verification. On the basis of the above research, the synergy mechanism of the utilization of EMU and train working diagram will be deeply researched, and the synergism optimization strategies will be introduced to improve the quality of the plan. The research results will make contribution to the theory and method system of High-speed railway transportation planning, can be used to guide the operation and management of EMU on High-speed railway network and improve the quality of the plan.

高速铁路的网络化运营迫切需要研究成网条件下动车组运用优化问题。结合网络结构、资源布局、客流特征等在高速铁路成网后产生的变化，总结高速铁路网络化运营特点，揭示成网条件下高速铁路动车组运用特征，探索符合路网实际运营需求的动车组运用管理模式；量化分析动车组运用计划编制问题的影响因素，从时间和空间两个维度对计划编制范围进行分解，建立动车组运用计划编制优化模型；分析模型特点，设计合理高效的启发式优化算法，结合路网运行图实际数据对模型和算法进行仿真验证。在此基础上，剖析列车运行图和动车组运用的协同机理，研究基于交互反馈的高速铁路列车运行图和动车组运用计划协同优化。项目成果可以丰富高速铁路运输计划编制理论与方法体系，指导高速铁路网络条件下动车组运用管理，提高高速铁路动车组运用计划编制水平。

针对网络条件下高速铁路动车组运用优化问题，本项目展开了五个方面的研究：一类带有补给弧的旅行商问题；网络化条件下高速铁路动车组运用及管理模式；基于可复用周期的动车组运用优化问题；动车组运用检修一体化优化问题；考虑动态检修需求的动车组运用问题。首先在深入分析动车组运用问题的理论共性特点上，理论性地提出了带补给弧的旅行商问题，本项目所抽象的模型适用于解决各类动车组运用优化问题。然后在分析动车组运用方式、备用方式、检修制度等条件基础上，得出了动车组将以固定运用和灵活运用结合的运用方式，以及动车组将以动态检修状态的修程修制改革趋势。其次，分解时间维度，提出了基于可复用周期的动车组运用优化问题，可以实现运用与检修周计划的周期性循环套用，降低动车组运用计划的编制规模；再次建立了动车组运用与检修计划一体化编制模型，能够实现网络化条件下动车组运用计划与检修计划的求解；最后提出了考虑动态检修需求的动车组运用计划编制问题，针对动态检修需求条件下问题规模大的特点，设计了求解模型的两阶段优化算法，能够满足实际运用场景需求。本项目的研究成果丰富了动车组运用计划编制的理论体系，并为铁路运输组织部门优化动车组运用计划和检修计划提供了决策支持。