基于体质适应性的VDT办公光环境研究

Widespread digital technology has changed the work mode of design studios, making designers to be the high-risk group of VDT asthenopia. The issue has become a hot spot in both lighting and medical fields in domestic and aboard about researching on task lighting environment to find out inducement mechanism of visual fatigue, then giving blocking effect to that. Previous study is faced with a challenge that individuals show a huge discrepancy in light adaptiveness .. Taking Classification and Determination of Constitution in TCM as a starting point, we will study visual mechanism initiated by the interaction of VDT lighting parameters and human body constitution firstly, and the blocking effect of dynamic lighting on visual fatigue will be examined; then, aiming at the high-risk group, safety threshold of VDT task lighting environment will be investigated, and the corresponding VDT task safety lighting model will be established; visual fatigue inducement mechanism will also be studied，which is oriented by light environment and the critical constitution factors, and the coordination of artificial lighting and human body constitution will be enhanced to eliminate environment risk factor of visual fatigue; preliminary research on artificial lighting “Constitution——Vision Health ” risk hierarchical model will be implemented ultimately.. We synthesis the concepts of preventive medicine and precision medicine to investigate the new VDT lighting mode with better adaptiveness for different constitutions in design studios. It is of great significance to improve the office lighting environment, lower the risk of oculopathy transformed from the physiological asthenopia and protect the designers’ eyesight. It also can provide theoretical and experimental basis for exploring new orientation of health lighting with individualization and precision.

数字技术的普及改变了设计办公室的作业方式，也使设计师成为VDT视疲劳的高发人群。研究其作业光环境，找出视疲劳的光环境诱发机制并予以阻断，是国内外照明、医学界共同关注的热点。但不同个体对光照适应性的巨大差异，使研究遭遇了瓶颈。.以中医体质分型理论为切入点，研究VDT光参数与人体体质间相互作用引发视疲劳的机理，检验动态光环境对视疲劳阻断的作用；探索高风险人群VDT作业光环境安全阈值，建立其对应的VDT作业安全光环境模型；寻找视疲劳光环境诱发机制和关键体质因素，通过增强人工光照与体质契合性来消除视疲劳高危环境因素；初步探索人工光环境“体质——视健康”风险分级模式。.融合预防医学、精准医学理念探索具有良好体质适应性的设计办公室VDT照明新模式，对改善办公光环境、降低光照引发的生理性视疲劳向病理性眼疾转化的风险、保护设计师视力具有重要意义；为探索个性化、精准化健康照明新方向提供了理论与实验依据。

背景：.根据前期实验中发现的个体差异对人体综合光反应的影响，以中医体质理论为基础，重点研究复杂VDT作业光环境对不同中医体质人群视健康的影响，寻找视疲劳光环境诱发机制和关键体质因素，降低高风险体质人群从生理性疲劳向病理性眼疾转化的风险；探索具有体质适应性的精准化、动态化VDT作业照明新模式，为VDT作业照明设计标准的细化提供参考。.主要研究内容：.1. VDT作业设计人员中医体质分型抽样及视疲劳主观问卷调查；.2. 恒定光环境下视疲劳模型研究；.3. VDT作业光环境主观偏好及动态光环境对视疲劳阻断研究；.4. 高风险体质人群视疲劳光环境诱发机制和关键体质因素研究。.重要结果：.1. 发现了重庆地区VDT青年设计人员的中医体质分布特征，为后续研究特定体质人群的选取提供依据；.2. 发现了特定体质与视疲劳、近视的相关性，体现在相同VDT作业光环境下特定偏颇体质（如阳虚质、气郁质）对视疲劳的低耐受性以及近视的易感性，平和质对视疲劳的高耐受性和近视的不易感性；.3. 发现了特定体质对光环境的适应性差异，提出具有体质适应性的VDT作业照明调控依据；.4. 找出了引发视疲劳的关键光环境因素，改进了人眼光暴露剂量计算方法并将其应用于室内光环境的相关研究中。.科学意义：.1. 利用中医系统性、整体性、动态性思维研究体质和光环境对人的综合影响，解决了复杂的人——机——光环境交互难题；.2. 寻找光照与体质相互作用引发视疲劳的机制，为构件更安全的VDT作业光环境、降低高风险体质人群视健康风险、提高工作效率提供了新的方法；.3. 通过多学科交叉，发挥了体质辨识技术在预防医学风险预测中的作用，为建构具有体质适应性的VDT作业照明新模式提供理论依据和参考。