人工湿地除污反应动力学与水动力学互馈机制研究

Constructed wetland (CW) is an ecological system via integration of sewage treatment and ecological engineering. It is an artificial aquifer system by means of the principle of porous media fluid dynamics. Sewage is driven under the hydraulic field and reacts with substrate in a complex physical, chemical and biological effect. The interaction processes in CW are very complex. So far, the interaction mechanism of decontamination reaction kinetics and hydrodynamics in CW is poorly understood, thus restricting its continuous popularization and wide application. This proposed project focuses on the investigation of the interaction mechanism of wetland decontamination reaction kinetics and hydrodynamics. Breeding wastewater is selected as the raw sewage source and nitrogen, phosphorus and antibiotic drugs that are normally in high concentration in breeding wastewater are targeted as priority pollutants. The proposed methodology of the project is "indoor experiment, three dimensional in situ test and demonstration projects--developing mutual feedback mechanism--building coupling model--guiding the practical application" under a well established multidisciplinary team. It is expected that at the end of the project the water dynamics and multi-stage coupling model of reaction kinetics of decontamination is established, which will reveal the decontamination mechanism. It is believed that the results derived from the project will fill some gaps and weaknesses of the field, enrich and develop relevant theory and method for CW process design and operation. No doubt, it will provide theoretical and technical support for CW technology.

人工湿地是集污水处理与生态工程为一体的生态系统，它是借助多孔介质流体动力学原理的人造含水层系统，污水在水动力场的控制下与介质发生复杂的物理、化学和生物作用，其交互过程极为复杂。迄今，人们对人工湿地系统中除污反应动力学与水动力学互馈机制研究薄弱，限制了这一高新技术持续的推广应用。本项目以人工湿地除污反应动力学与水动力学互馈机制研究为主线，选择养殖业废水中浓度高且常规方法处理效果较差的氮、磷及抗生素类药物作为重点目标污染物，按照“多学科支撑—突出基础—采用室内实验、原位试验、示范工程与多种方法相结合—开展互馈机制研究—构建耦合模型—指导实际应用”的逻辑组织实施，重点研究目标污染物除污反应动力学与水动力学互馈机制，构建水动力学与多级反应除污动力学的耦合模型，揭示除污机理，研究成果将填补该领域的某些空白和薄弱环节，丰富和发展相关学科的理论与方法，为人工湿地工艺设计和运行提供理论和技术支撑。

当前我国开展的海绵城市建设和黑臭水体治理，人工湿地是其主要技术之一。人工湿地借助多孔介质流体动力学原理的人造含水层系统，污水在水动力场的控制下与介质发生复杂的物理、化学和生物作用，其交互过程极为复杂。迄今，人们对人工湿地系统中除污反应动力学与水动力学互馈机制研究薄弱，限制了这一高新技术持续的推广应用。本项目开展了人工湿地除污反应动力学与水动力学互馈机制研究，选择畜牧养殖业废水中浓度高且常规方法处理效果较差的氮、磷及抗生素类药物作为重点目标污染物，按照“多学科支撑—突出基础—采用室内实验、原位试验、现场中试工程与多种方法相结合—开展互馈机制研究—构建耦合模型—指导实际应用”的逻辑组织实施，重点研究目标污染物除污反应动力学与水动力学互馈机制，构建了以STELLA为基础的水动力学与多级反应除污动力学的耦合模型，揭示除污机理，研究成果填补了该领域的某些空白和薄弱环节，丰富和发展相关学科的理论与方法，为人工湿地工艺设计和运行提供理论和技术支撑。