基于气基竖炉直接还原的红格钒钛磁铁矿高效利用新工艺基础研究

The reserve of Hongge vanadium titanomagnetite (HVTM) is very rich in Panxi area, China, and its proved reserve accounting for more than 3.545 billion tons. Besides the valuable elements of iron, vanadium, and titanium, it also contains a high content of chromium, which presents a strategic significance and requires comprehensive utilization. However, it could not be effectively utilized by conventional processes because of its complex structure. Based on this aspect, the applicant proposes a new process route of “direct reduction of HVTM pellets in gas-based shaft furnace → separation by electric furnace melting → high-efficient utilization of valuable elements”, and the oxidation roasting and gas-based direct reduction of HVTM pellets were studied previously. In this project, the key link of this new process would be further researched based on previous study. Firstly, the selective migration and enrichment laws of valuable elements during the melting separation process require to be clarified, and the synergistic effect mechanisms of V/Ti/Cr need to be understood. Secondly, the relations between the characteristics of the viscosity and fluidity of titanium-containing melting slag and its structure would be established, and the influence of Cr2O3 on the characteristics of the viscosity and fluidity of titanium-containing melting slag requires clear description. Then, the crystallization behavior and activity evolution law need to be investigated. At last, the phase transformation mechanism and kinetic behavior of titanium-containing melting slag during the low temperature alkali fusion process would be clarified. The expected results of this project can not only enrich the theory of the new process, but also provide technical support for the high-efficient and clean utilization of HVTM on a large scale.

我国攀西红格矿区的钒钛磁铁矿资源丰富，探明储量达35.45亿吨，除含有铁、钒、钛之外，还伴生有较高含量的铬资源，具有极高的综合利用价值和重要的战略地位。但由于红格钒钛磁铁矿结构复杂，采用传统工艺无法实现有价组元的高效利用。基于此，申请人构建了红格钒钛磁铁矿气基竖炉直接还原-电炉熔分-有价组元高效利用新工艺路线，并在前期对其球团氧化焙烧和气基直接还原进行了研究，本项目拟在此基础上进一步对新工艺后续关键环节进行研究。首先，阐明电炉熔分过程有价组元选择性迁移和富集规律，明晰钒/钛/铬对熔分过程的协同影响机制；其次，建立熔分钛渣黏流特性与结构之间的联系，阐明Cr2O3对熔分钛渣黏流特性的影响机制；然后，揭示熔分钛渣结晶行为和活性演变规律；最后，研究熔分钛渣在低温碱熔过程中物相转变机理及动力学行为。该项目不仅可以丰富和完善新工艺理论体系，而且为早日实现红格钒钛磁铁矿的大规模高效清洁利用提供技术支撑。

本项目针对红格钒钛磁铁矿气基竖炉直接还原-电炉熔分-有价组元高效利用新工艺路线，对新工艺的关键环节进行了研究。揭示了红格钒钛磁铁矿金属化球团熔分过程铁、钒、钛和铬相间迁移规律，阐明了渣铁高效分离和熔分钛渣矿相重构规律，确定了适宜的熔分关键工艺参数。明确了熔分钛渣微观结构与宏观物性间的关系，揭示了组分对熔分钛渣熔化温度和黏度的影响规律。阐明了熔分钛渣碱熔过程组元迁移转化机理，确定了适宜的碱熔工艺条件。研究成果丰富和完善了新工艺的理论体系，对早日实现红格钒钛磁铁矿的大规模高效清洁利用具有重要的意义。