南大洋气旋演变特征及海气通量在其演变过程中的作用研究

Using high-resolution reanalysis data , as well as improved cyclone finding and tracking scheme, generate a set of the Southern Ocean cyclone characteristics (strength, the depth of the source to the demise of land, path length, duration, etc.) data, study the Southern Ocean cyclone different spatial and temporal scales of variations. On this basis, using a set of new high-resolution air-sea flux data establish a surface flux data set accompanying cyclone tracks, to study the role of surface flux(sensible heat flux, latent heat flux) in the evolution process of cyclone life, including: the overall air-sea flux in the cyclone development process; air-sea fluxes in the different quadrants of the cyclone along its track; the relationship between the scale and intensity of cyclone and air-sea fluxes during its evolution process; the relaionship between the cyclone evolution process and the air-sea flux on different latitude over the Southern Ocean and Antarctic coast.In this project, we will in-depth analyze the characteristics of the Southern Ocean cyclone and the air-sea interactions, in order to provide the basis for climate change research.

利用有效的再分析数据和改进的气旋定位和跟踪方案，生成一套南大洋气旋特征（强度、深度、源地、消亡地、路径长度、持续时间等）数据集，跟踪气旋研究南大洋不同尺度、不同强度气旋的演变特征。在此基础上，利用高分辨率的海气通量资料建立一套与气旋移动路径相伴随的、气旋中心一定范围内的海气通量数据集，开展海表面通量（感热、潜热）在气旋生命演变过程中的作用研究，包括：整体海气通量在气旋生消、发展过程中的作用；气旋移动路径上不同象限内的海气通量在气旋生消、发展过程中的作用；不同尺度和强度气旋演变过程与海气通量的关系；南大洋洋面不同纬度和南极沿岸气旋演变过程与海气通量的关系等。通过本项目的工作，深入分析南大洋气旋的特点和南大洋海洋-大气的相互作用关系,为南极科学考察的航线保障提供信息。

本项目采用英国雷丁大学的气旋自动追踪方案，利用ERA-interim的海平面气压数据对南大洋区域（35S以南）的持续时间不低于2天，移动距离不低于1000公里的气旋进行了追踪，并生成了南大洋气旋数据集。基于该数据集，对南大洋气旋的气候特征进行了统计分析，并探讨了气旋与AAO、ENSO及南大洋海温梯度之间的关系。