基于模糊推理的水声传感器网络协作接入协议设计关键技术研究

Media access protocol is one of the key supporting technologies for underwater acoustic sensor networks. The characteristics of underwater acoustic channels such as narrow channel bandwidth, large propagation loss, and multipath effects make protocol design extremely challenge. Underwater complex environment and harsh underwater acoustic channel threaten the reliability of data transmission, and cooperative communication is one of the effective strategies to ensure reliable data transmission. This project takes the media access protocol as the basic background, and improve transmission reliability, increase channel multiplexing rate and save energy as the starting point. It explores the fusion of fuzzy reasoning method to design an efficient cooperative access protocol in the framework of cooperative communication. Firstly, combined with control packet multiplexing, packet aggregation transmission, and on-demand cooperation mechanism, a cooperative mechanism suitable for underwater acoustic channel characteristics is designed. Then, inspired by the idea of ​​fuzzy reasoning, a choice of cooperative nodes is designed. Study the mapping of individual selection condition to multiple selection conditions, taking into account the throughput, energy consumption and fairness of the network; Finally, related research is conducted on cross-layer cooperation of link access protocols and routing protocols. This project research will effectively improve the performance of the underwater acoustic sensor network link access protocol, help to expand the design of the cooperative protocol and promote the development of cross-layer cooperation methods.

链路接入协议是水声传感器网络关键支撑技术之一，信道带宽窄、传播损失大、多途效应严重等水声信道特性使协议设计面临极大的挑战。水下复杂环境和恶劣的水声信道威胁到数据传输的可靠性，协作通信是保证数据可靠传递的有效策略之一。本项目以链路接入协议为基本背景，以提高传输可靠性、增加信道复用率和节省能耗为切入点，探索在协作通信框架下，融合模糊推理方法设计高效的协作接入协议。首先，结合控制包复用、数据包聚合传输和按需协作机制，设计适合水声信道特性的协作机制；然后，在模糊推理法思维启发下，设计协作节点的选择方案。研究单个选择条件到多个选择条件的映射，并兼顾网络的吞吐量、能耗与公平性；最后，针对链路接入协议和路由协议的跨层协作进行相关研究。此项目研究将有效地提高水声传感器网络链路接入协议的性能，有助于扩展协作协议设计的思路和促进跨层协作方法的发展。

链路接入协议是水声传感器网络关键支撑技术之一，信道带宽窄、传播损失大、传播时延高等水声信道特性使协议设计面临极大的挑战。本项目主要针对水声传感器网络MAC协议的协作机制和跨层设计方案进行研究，完成的主要研究内容包括：提出了一种基于时隙握手机制的协作MAC协议，该协议在出现控制包交互失败时会根据协作节点选择方案选择一个合适的协作节点启动协作机制，协助竞争节点顺利完成控制包交互并存储数据包，协作节点将在下一个发送时隙中以数据包链方式进行数据包的转发，该机制通过数据包汇聚方式提高信道利用率；提出了一种跨层协作MAC协议，该协议针对竞争时隙中部分节点同时有发送需求和接收需求而导致握手失败的问题，通过引入竞争系数构建了一个节点竞争排序机制，并将路由转发信息融入到竞争系数计算中，实现数据链路层与网络层的跨层协作，还引入重发系数和数据包聚合度等参数提升时隙握手机制的公平性和吞吐量。同时还设计一种跨层协作的快速接入方案，实现数据包快速转发的功能；提出了一种改进型时隙FAMA协议，通过构建控制包并发预约机制，允许多个控制包同时进行交互，减少了控制包交互占据的时间，不论节点之间的传播时延信息是否已获取都可以有效地提高时隙FAMA协议的性能。