城市形态对城市风环境品质空间格局的影响机理研究

A good urban wind environment quality can effectively improve the urban atmosphere automatic depuration ability, reduce the energy consumption of urban architecture, and enhance the human body comfort. However, urban wind environmental quality has grown worse with the disorder development of urban form in the process of urbanization, so how to quantitative analysis and assessment the influence mechanism of urban form on the spatial pattern of urban wind environment quality has already become an important problem worried to be solved. This research will extract the special urban form indexes that influenced the spatial pattern of urban wind environment quality through the multi-sources data fusion. Then provide integrated evaluation index system of urban wind environment quality based on physical indexes and efficiency indexes of urban wind environment, and analyze the dynamic evolvement process of spatial pattern of urban wind environment quality by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and meteorological data. Finally, based on the computational fluid dynamics theory, reveal the mechanism of urban form influencing on the spatial pattern and evolution process of urban wind environment quality with the platform of GIS，and using spatial statistics, data mining and knowledge founding technologies. It can deepen our understanding of the role about urban form in urban wind environment evolution, and provides a theoretical and technical basis for design the reasonable urban form to improve the urban wind environment quality through the mechanism research of urban form influencing on spatial pattern of urban wind environment quality.

良好的城市风环境品质可以提升城市大气的自净能力，降低城市建筑能耗，提高人体舒适度。然而城市化进程中城市形态的无序化发育使得城市风环境品质日益恶化，如何定量分析评估城市形态对城市风环境品质空间格局的影响已成为亟待解决的重要科学问题。本项目将通过多源数据融合提取影响城市风环境品质空间格局的城市形态参数；提出基于物理指标及效能指标的城市风环境品质综合评价指标体系，并结合气象数据及计算流体动力学模拟分析城市风环境品质空间格局的演化过程。最后在GIS平台上，以数据为驱动，采用空间统计、数据挖掘和知识发现的手段，以计算流体动力学理论为基础，揭示城市形态对城市风环境品质空间格局形成及演化的影响机理。通过城市形态对城市风环境空间格局的影响机理研究，将使我们深入认识城市形态对城市风环境品质空间格局演化的影响过程，从而为城市发展过程中如何通过合理的城市形态塑造来提升城市风环境品质奠定理论和技术基础。

城市风环境是影响城市小气候环境的主导因素。良好的城市风环境可以及时的缓释城市下垫面附近的热量及污染物，降低城市建筑物的降温防寒能耗，促进低碳城市的建设。然而城市化进程中城市形态的无序化发育使得城市风环境品质日益恶化，如何定量分析评估城市形态对城市风环境品质空间格局的影响已成为亟待解决的重要科学问题。本研究以平潭岛为研究对象，全面阐述了城市风环境的研究及响应过程，提出了通过城市形态的合理规划与设计防治大风天气对平潭岛带来的不利影响是非常有必要的。本研究提出了借助城市风环境基础指标和城市风环境效能指标全面分析与评价城市风环境的风环境评价方法，并结合城市形态的基本特征，提出了从城市尺度、居住区尺度及单体建筑尺度系统而全面的大风环境控制对策。从机理及应用的角度揭示了城市形态对城市风环境品质空间格局的影响过程。