氯酚类化合物表面分子印迹电化学传感器的构筑及性能研究

Chlorphenols(CPs) are a kind of environmental estrogens existing widely in nature. They are carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic and have been considerate as precedence-controlled pollutant in the environmental. It is very importance to establish rapid, sensitive, accurate and reliable analysis method for CPs monitoring and protection of human health. Many attentions have been paid to the detection of CPs by electrochemical methods due to its advantages of simple operation, fast response, low cost, and small size that affords a portable sensor for on-site detection. It is a new method to construct molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor by in situ electropolymerization of functional monomer on the surface of electrode. In this project, we attempt to construct an electrochemical sensor for the determination of CPs with high sensitivity and selectivity by assembly of graphene based nanocomposite on the electrode surface and integrating surface molecular imprinting technique. And then, these would provide novel, rapid and efficient analysis method for the monitoring of CPs in the environment and provide methodology reference and basis for the construction of surface molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for other environmental pollutant.

氯酚类化合物是广泛存在于自然界的一类环境雌激素，具有致癌、致畸、致突变三致效应和遗传毒性，是环境中的优先控制污染物。建立快速灵敏、准确可靠的分析方法对于CPs的监控和保障人类健康具有重要意义。相对于其它的检测方法，电化学传感方法具有操作简单、快速灵敏、适于在线检测等优越性能,在CPs的检测中引起了大家的广泛关注。在电极表面原位聚合功能单体是一种新的构筑分子印迹传感器的方法，可以大大提高检测的选择性。本研究拟通过石墨烯基纳米复合电活性物质在电极表面的组装与设计，集成表面分子印迹技术，构建高灵敏、高选择的氯酚类化合物电化学传感器，实现集分离、富集、检测为一体的电化学传感器研究，从而为环境中氯酚类化合物的检测和监控提供高效、快速的检测分析方法，为其它环境有害物电化学传感器的构筑提供方法学的参考和依据。

本研究利用分子模拟技术，筛选了氯酚类化合物分子印迹的功能单体；利用分子间的非共价作用，合成了多种石墨烯基纳米复合材料，通过纳米材料修饰电极电化学传感器的构建，研究了复合纳米材料的电化学性能，筛选出了8种可用于分子印迹膜合成的石墨烯基纳米载体；在上述两部分研究的基础上，构建了6种性能优异的氯酚类化合物表面分子印迹电化学传感器，深入研究了传感器的识别、响应速度、稳定性等多种性能，初步探讨了纳米载体界面性质对分子印迹传感器性能的影响，所获结果为环境中氯酚类化合物的监控和检测提供了高效、快速的分析方法，为性能优异的表面分子印迹电化学传感器的构建提供了方法学的参考和依据。