Tumor repopulation is an important reason for the failure of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which refers to a process that the remaining tumor cells grow and form new tumor after radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Our previous studies have found that the activation of Caspase-3 in radiation induced apoptosis cells can further activate the downstream iPLA2 / AA/PGE2 and PKCδ/Akt/VEGF-A pathways and promote residual tumor cell proliferation. Radiotherapy, however, in addition to induce cell apoptosis, also induce cell necrosis. The extracellular HMGB1 was thought to be a vital marker of cell necrosis. Our previous studies have found that cell necrosis occurred after radiotherapy, along with increasing HMGB1 release. We utilized the CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knockout HMGB1 gene in tumor cells, and revealed that blocking HMGB1 release after radiotherapy significantly inhibited the tumor repopulation. Thus, in this study, we propose to investigate the mechanism of HMGB1 and its downstream molecules mediating tumor repopulation, and construct HMGB1 and CASP3 genes double knockout tumor cells to figure out the mechanisms of HMGB1 and Caspase-3 interactions on tumor proliferation.
肿瘤再增殖是指放化疗后残存的肿瘤细胞生长并形成新的肿瘤的过程,是导致放化疗失败的重要原因。我们前期研究发现放疗诱导产生的凋亡细胞中Caspase-3被激活,激活的Caspase-3进一步激活下游的iPLA2/AA/PGE2和PKCδ/Akt/VEGF-A通路刺激周围残存的肿瘤细胞增殖。然而,放疗除诱导细胞凋亡之外,还会诱导细胞坏死。释放到胞外的HMGB1被认为是细胞发生了坏死的重要标志物。我们前期研究发现放疗后出现大量细胞坏死,HMGB1释放增加。采用CRISPR/Cas9技术敲除肿瘤细胞中HMGB1基因,体外实验揭示抑制放疗后HMGB1释放可显著抑制肿瘤再增殖。本课题拟在此基础上深入研究HMGB1及其下游靶分子影响肿瘤再增殖的机制,并构建HMGB1与CASP3基因双敲除的肿瘤细胞,通过体内外肿瘤再增殖模型研究HMGB1与Caspase-3互作影响肿瘤再增殖的新机制。
肿瘤再增殖是指放化疗后残存肿瘤细胞继续生长形成新的肿瘤的过程,是导致放化疗失败的重要原因之一。我们前期研究结果发现以caspase-3为中心的肿瘤再增殖机制,我们发现放疗诱导产生的凋亡细胞能通过caspase-3/iPLA2/AA/PGE2、caspase-3/PKCδ/Akt/VEGF-A通路促进肿瘤再增殖。但放化疗诱导产生的濒死细胞,除了凋亡细胞,还会产生大量坏死细胞。我们前期发现放疗诱导产生的坏死细胞,能够通过释放HMGB1,激活残存肿瘤细胞RAGE/MAPK信号通路参与肿瘤再增殖。此外,我们还发现放疗能够诱导濒死肿瘤细胞形成多核或巨核细胞(PGCCs),这些PGCCs虽然大部分会走向死亡,但仍有部分PGCCs表现出增殖潜能,能通过出芽或者分裂的方式形成新的克隆,促进肿瘤再增殖,而外源性加入HMGB1小分子抑制剂甘草酸(GL)以及丙酮酸乙酯(EP)能够抑制该过程。同时,我们也发现PGCCs的RAGE/MAPK信号通路激活,基于此,我们推测HMGB1蛋白可能以一种旁分泌的方式通过激活PGCCs的RAGE/MAPK信号通路,调控PGCCs介导的肿瘤再增殖。由此可见,肿瘤再增殖的调控机制极其复杂,有待更深入的探索,本课题研究在PGCCs层面阐述了HMGB1调控肿瘤再增殖的新机制,丰富了HMGB1蛋白的生物学功能。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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