固体氧化物燃料电池纳米合金-陶瓷复合阳极耐硫抗积碳机理的原位研究

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has attracted substantial interests for its high efficiency and clean characters. However, the conventional Ni-based anode has low tolerance to sulfur-contamination in the fuel and is vulnerable to deactivation by carbon build-up from the direct oxidation of hydrocarbon fuel. Recently, a Ruddlesden-Popper type layered perovskite structured praseodymium strontium cobalt ion niobium oxide (RP-PSFN) with nano-sized CoFe alloy particles homogenously coated on it has been demonstrated. The RP-PSFN-CFA has been considered as novel SOFC anode with excellent sulfur tolerance and coking resistance, and comparable catalytic activity to Ni. To accelerate its commercialization process, study of the hydrocarbon fuel molecules oxidation process in the anode, and further improvement of the alloy-based ceramic anode electrochemical catalytic activity and stability in hydrocarbon fuels have been considered. Here, Raman Spectroscopy is configured for in situ monitoring phase formation and phase transformation at elevated temperatures in different atmospheres and operating conditions to probing and mapping species or reaction intermediates adsorbed on ceramic anode surface, and Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction is proposed for sequence analysis the composition of RP-PSFN-CFA anode surface and functional layer before and after fuel cell tests in different atmospheres and operating conditions, to study the influence of CFA nano-particles, excess non-stoichiometric lattice oxygen and excellent oxygen ion conductivity on the RP-PSFN-CFA anode materials electrochemical catalytic activity, sulfur tolerance and coking resistance, and optimize the RP-PSFN-CFA anode material component. The new testing method proposed here for investigating SOFC anode is beneficial to accelerating development and promoting advancement of the SOFC technology.

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)因其高效、洁净等优点受到广泛专注，但SOFC传统镍基阳极具有耐硫性差、易积碳等缺点影响其大规模商业化应用。最近，申请人开发出一种钴铁合金纳米颗粒均匀包裹镨锶钴铁铌层状钙钛矿氧化物阳极材料，其具有优异的耐硫、抗积碳性能和类似于镍基阳极的催化活性。然而，制备出在碳氢化合物燃料中具有长期稳定性的SOFC陶瓷阳极材料，是推动其产业化应用的关键，这就需要我们深入研究燃料分子在阳极中的氧化机理。本项目拟采用原位拉曼和掠入射X射线衍射联用的方法检测不同工作条件下SOFC阳极表面物相、微观形貌、吸附物，及测试前后阳极表层和功能层物相变化情况，分析阳极材料中纳米合金颗粒、非化学计量比的晶格氧和氧离子传输能力对其催化活性、耐硫、抗积碳等性能的影响规律，进而指导材料组成结构的优化。本项目为SOFC阳极的研究提出了一个全新的检测手段，将有利于SOFC技术的快速进步，加速其商业化进程。

固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）因其高效、洁净等优点受到广泛专注，但SOFC传统镍基阳极具有耐硫性差、易积碳等缺点影响其大规模商业化应用。最近，申请人开发出一种钴铁合金纳米颗粒均匀包裹镨锶钴铁铌层状钙钛矿氧化物阳极材料，其具有优异的耐硫、抗积碳性能和类似于镍基阳极的催化活性。然而，制备出在碳氢化合物燃料中具有长期稳定性的SOFC陶瓷阳极材料，是推动其产业化应用的关键，这就需要我们深入研究燃料分子在阳极中的氧化机理。本项目经过三年系统的研究，申请人通过对原材料配比和还原工艺的控制，获得具有优化组成结构的高催化活性、耐硫、抗积碳陶瓷阳极材料。实现以RP-PSFN-CFA为阳极的电解质支撑单电池碳氢化合物燃料中稳定工作。通过本项目研究为开发直接利用碳氢化合物燃料的新型高性能SOFC陶瓷阳极提供新的思路，并奠定坚实的理论基础。同时，本项目为SOFC阳极的研究提出了一个全新的检测手段，将有利于SOFC技术的快速进步，加速其商业化进程。