天门冬科Nolinoideae亚科东亚特有属的生物地理演化及区系意义

The plant diversity in eastern Asia is extremely ancient and complex with close relationships to all other continents in the world. Therefore, a synthetic exploration on the origin and diversification of speciation and biodiversity of eastern Asia under a context in a large scale is a key to our understanding of origins and diversifications of pant biodiversity in this area. The subfamily Nolinoideae belongs to the new Asparagaceae s.l., and its distribution is centered in eastern Asia with extensions into North America, Europe and Central Asia, Africa and Oceania; it includes most of eastern Asian members from the family, with more than half of its genera endemic to eastern Asia. Therefore, it is an ideal group to investigate biogeography of eastern Asia flora. First, the proposal will use transcriptome data from next-generation sequencing to resolve backbone relationships and then biogeographical history with representative taxa from all major clades of the subfamily. Then, based on the backbone phylogenetic and biogeographic framework, the eastern Asian endemic genera are investigated using modern molecular biogeographical methods to shed light on their origins and dispersals, divergent ages, as well as their evolutionary patterns in space and time. Our comprehensive studies on the eastern Asian endemic elements in the global context provide significant implications to reveal the origin and evolutionary mechanism of plant diversity in eastern Asia and its correlation with adjacent floras, which is basic work to fully understand the origin and nature of eastern Asian flora.

东亚植物多样性历史悠久且来源复杂，与世界各大洲都有千丝万缕的联系，需要开展大尺度背景下的综合研究，才能全面了解它的起源与演化机制。Nolinoideae亚科隶属新天门冬科，以东亚分布为中心延伸至北美、欧洲和中亚、非洲和大洋洲；它包括了绝大多数科内的东亚类群，一半以上的属为东亚特有属，是研究东亚植物区系非常理想的例子。本项目首先运用下一代测序技术开展亚科内各分支代表类群的转录组测序，获取亚科比较全面的系统发育关系以及全球生物地理演化格局；然后在此基础上以东亚特有属为研究单元，基于现代分子生物地理学研究手段和分析方法，研究和比较它们的系统进化、起源散布、形成时间及多样性起源的时空演化模式。开展这些东亚特有成分在全球背景下的生物地理起源与演化历史的研究，对全面揭示东亚植物多样性的起源和进化机制及与相邻植物区系的关系具有重要的意义，是深入揭示东亚植物区系来源与性质非常重要的基础性工作。

诺林亚科隶属广义天门冬科，以东亚为分布中心延伸至北美、欧洲和中亚、非洲和大洋洲；它包括了绝大多数科内的东亚类群，一半以上的属为东亚特有属，是研究东亚植物区系成分起源与演化非常理想的例子。本研究首先以诺林亚科内东亚特有和重要类群为研究单元，基于现代分子生物地理学和细胞学等研究手段和分析方法，研究了凤凰蜘蛛抱蛋的转录组特征、鹿药属的系统进化以及在东亚的起源散布、形成时间及多样性起源的时空演化模式；其次开展了铃兰族的系统关系和染色体的进化研究，最后运用下一代测序技术开展亚科内各分支代表类群的转录组测序，获取亚科比较全面的系统发育关系以及全球生物地理演化格局。综合开展这些东亚特有成分的转录组演化特点以及在全球背景下的生物地理起源与演化历史的研究，对全面揭示东亚植物多样性的起源和进化机制及与相邻植物区系的关系具有重要的意义，是深入揭示东亚植物区系来源与性质非常重要的基础性工作。