间歇过程控制系统的动态性能评估与优化理论及应用研究

As the process industry becomes more and more automated, the importance of daily controller maintenance and optimization has been recognized by both the industry and the academic. Controller performance assessment has become an important research topic. Up to now, most of the research has been focused on the controller performance assessment for continuous processes subject to stochastic disturbances. There is little work regarding the controller performance assessment for batch processes. Such systems comprise continuous dynamical and discrete logical components, while their management uses sequential execution of events aided by feedback control. The processes and the control systems are typically hybrid and nonlinear, which make them hard to analyse and design. The aim of this project is to provide a theoretical basis for and practical demonstrations of benchmarking for batch controllers. During the project, the following problems will be addressed: how to build the process model and define a mathematical representation of the overall performance criteria; how to develop and implement algorithms for model-based controller performance assessment based on nonlinear optimal control techniques; how to design a data-driven benchmarking algorithm by using model predictive control criteria, the synthesis of a overall performance report from the performance indicators based on model-based and data-driven benchmarks.

随着工业生产自动化水平的提高，工业界及学术界已经普遍认识到工业控制系统的日常维护与优化的重要性，工业控制系统的性能评价已经成为过程控制领域一个重要的研究方向。目前学术界对于工业控制器的评价工作主要集中在控制器对稳态连续过程在随机扰动下的整定能力的评价。而对间歇过程控制器的动态轨迹跟踪性能的评价尚处于起步阶段。这类控制器由连续动态反馈和离散逻辑决策组成，具有典型的混杂特性和非线性。本研究以如何评价间歇过程控制器的动态跟踪性能这一富有挑战性和创新性的科学问题为对象，试图建立一个基于系统模型和历史数据的控制器综合评价体系，为间歇类控制系统的评价提供可靠的标准。主要研究内容有：过程系统模型的建立与指标基准的确定；基于模型的非线性最优控制器的设计及与之相应的动态跟踪基准确定和计算；基于数据及模型预测控制指标的动态性能评价方法，基于模型和基于数据的评价结果的综合等。

间歇控制器由连续动态反馈和离散逻辑决策组成，具有典型的混杂特性和非线性。本项目以如何评价间歇过程控制器的动态跟踪性能为研究对象，建立一个基于系统模型和历史数据的控制器综合评价体系。本项目以性能指标构建，系统建模及参数、状态估计，控制器优化设计与评价为研究主线，系统地研究了针对间歇过程系统连续动态部分和离散事件动态演化的混杂系统建模机制；非线性广义最小方差控制器的最优跟踪控制器的设计原理以及指标函数中权值的选取对于整体跟踪性能影响的规律；以及系统处于动态转换过程中，状态和模型参数在受限条件及随机噪声干扰下的在线估计方法及相应的控制器设计问题。同时也按计划开展了仿真和实验研究，以及相关软件工具箱的开发与完善。为间歇类控制系统的评价提供了可靠的标准。