纵横倾变姿态环境自生静压油膜轴承转子系统动力学特性研究

Sliding bearing is a important component of steam turbine to supporting rotor-axis. A posture of steam turbine rotor shaft supported by sliding bearing should be remained the posture-unchanged after commissioning in order to mantain reducing vibration to the system. As submarine sailing in the heeling environment constantly, its turbine should be taken measures to reduce vibration and ensure the stability of bearing-rotor system. To reduce noise of shafting is a critical way to bring down vibration and noise reduction of submarine, which can greatly improve the hidden of submarine in the wartime. The damping performance of vibration to the double-film bearing which contain a dynamic pressure oil film and a self-generating hydrostatic oil film by the dynamic pressure oil film, is better than a traditional circular journal bearing when certain conditions are met.The research contains lubrication mechanism, dynamics of bearing-rotor system, and vibration-damping test of self-generating bearing for the heeling condition in submarine in this project. The research takes a type of sliding bearing with two oil film, one is dynamic pressure oil film and another is self-generating hydrostatic oil film as a research object. The aim of the project is exploring the influence factors of the vibration-damping of the bearing and reveal its intrinsic mechanism. The project should be get result of the kinetic theory of the bearing-rotor system with self-generating hydrostatic oil film bearing. The result of the kinetic theory of the bearing-rotor system with self-generating hydrostatic oil film bearing will be acquired. And this result can not only enrich the dynamic theory of sliding bearing-rotor system, but also provide theoretical foundation of reduce vibration and noise to the bearing-rotor system for the application under heeling status of submarine. This project take on higher theory value, and vital significance on national defense.

滑动轴承是支撑汽轮机转子轴的重要部件，轴承-转子系统的工作姿态在调试后需保持不变以减少汽轮机的振动。安装在潜艇上的汽轮机经常会发生纵横倾姿态的变化，需采取措施确保轴承转子系统稳定及降低振动，降低潜艇轴系振动噪声是提升潜艇战时隐蔽性的重要途径。满足一定条件，具有动压油膜和自生静压油膜的双层油膜轴承阻尼减振降噪效果优于常规圆轴承，本项目拟以用于潜艇汽轮机转子轴的一种具有动压油膜和自生静压油膜的轴承为研究对象，开展纵横倾变姿态自生静压油膜轴承的润滑机理、轴承转子系统动力学、轴承阻尼减振试验等研究，探索其阻尼减振的影响因素，揭示该轴承阻尼减振降噪的内在机制与影响规律。本项目研究的自生静压油膜轴承转子系统动力学理论成果，既可为潜艇纵横倾变姿态环境下应用自生静压油膜轴承实现减振降噪提供理论依据与基础性支撑，又可完善滑动轴承转子系统动力学的理论体系。具有较高的理论研究价值和重要的国防意义。

本研究针对自生静压油膜轴承转子系统开展动力学特性研究，建立自生静压油膜轴承润滑计算模型，完成了轴心平衡位置迭代算法，获得该轴承的浮动机理。对轴承试验台进行改造及调试，设计完成了一种自生静压轴承创新型机构，完成轴承实验样件的试制及测试。建立平稳及摇摆作用下自生静压油膜轴承转子系统的动力学微分方程模型，获得纵横摇摆频率和幅度对转子系统振动特性的作用规律，搭建轴承转子摇摆试验平台，完成轴承转子摇摆振动实验及分析，通过试验验证了理论计算模型的正确性。研究自生静压油膜轴承转子振动特征提取算法，最后通过深度学习实现了自生静压油膜轴承-转子系统运行状态的智能识别。