A large number of conductive slip rings, brushes, potentiometers, and other electrical contact components are widely used in the automatic control system and electrical equipment of industry and high-speed train. These components play an important role in the transmission of electric energy, electrical signals, or the connecting/ cutting off the circuit. Therefore, the ideal electrical contact materials should have high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high mechanical strength, good arc erosion resistance. MAX is one of the new layered ternary ceramics which combines the good properties of ceramic and metal, such as high strength, excellent toughness, good electrical conductivity, arc erosion resistance, resist irradiation, is considered to be the reinforced phase. In this study, Ag-MAX composites will be fabricated by means of spark plasma sintering technique , hot-pressing technique and the fabrication parameters (temperature,pressure,time) will be studied. We will investigate the effect of volume fraction of MAX and distribution, the fabrication parameters on the mechanical (the relative density, the bending strength, the Brinell hardness) and physical properties (the electrical conductivity, the thermal conductivity) of Ag-MAX composites. By using a self-made arc ablation device, the influence of the different atmosphere environment(the vacuum, air, nitrogen, argon), volume fraction of MAX and distribution on the moving rule of arc, the chemical reaction with material, the breakdown current, the arc duration, contact resistance, arc erosion rate, electrical life will be studied. The microstructure of surface of Ag-MAX composites will be analyzed by SEM, TEM, XPS and XRD. The arc erosion mechanism of Ag-MAX will be discussed.
采用综合了金属和陶瓷的双重性能:良好导热导电性能,高的屈服强度,良好的润滑和耐磨性,高热稳定性和良好的抗氧化性能的MAX相作为增强相,提高电接触材料的抗电弧烧蚀性能。通过研究Ag-MAX电接触材料在不同气氛(真空、空气、氮气、氩气)条件下电弧燃弧机理和特性(燃弧时间、接触电阻、电弧能量、电弧寿命、电弧引燃与熄灭等),在电弧作用下不同气氛与电接触材料的物理化学作用及各组成相的稳定性,探讨不同气氛(真空、空气、氮气、氩气)对Ag-MAX电接触材料的电弧烧蚀性能(击穿电流、截断电流、电弧寿命、电弧烧蚀速率)的影响,建立MAX种类、含量、分布以及不同气氛(真空、空气、氮气、氩气)和电接触材料电弧烧蚀性能之间的本构关系,弄清各种失效机制(材料转移、氧化、烧损、熔焊、化学反应等)所起作用,以及不同气氛条件下Ag-MAX电接触材料电弧烧蚀机理,为新型电接触材料成分设计和性能改善提供必要的科学基础。
电接触材料使用的环境包括空气、氮气、六氟化硫等,不同气氛条件下的电弧放电常导致其性能发生变化。本项研究通过引入高温稳定性高、抗电弧烧蚀性能好的MAX相,改善不同气氛中电接触材料电弧烧蚀性能。.研究Ti3SiC2在Ar2、N2、O2气氛中的电弧烧蚀性能,Ti3SiC2在Ar2、N2、O2中产生的质量损失逐渐增加,材料表面的烧蚀区域逐渐恶化。伴随着高温以及带电粒子间的碰撞,Ti3SiC2在N2中发生了氮化,在O2中发生了氧化反应。.研究Ag/Ti3SiC2在SF6、N2和O2中电弧烧蚀性能,Ag/Ti3SiC2的电弧能量、质量损失按照SF6、N2和O2的顺序呈上升趋势。在SF6中,Ti3SiC2增强相阻碍了银液的流动;在N2中,增强相在电弧烧蚀中被氮化;而Ag/Ti3SiC2在O2中被氧化,同时生成大量的孔洞。.在SF6气体中Ag/Ti3SiC2多次电弧烧蚀发现,随着烧蚀次数的增加,电弧烧蚀区域表面突出物的高度降低,同时突出物的峰顶逐渐变钝,这有利于击穿强度的提高。在SF6中多次电弧烧蚀后,银基体相被硫化,硅元素从Ti3SiC2中脱出。新相的生成提高了电子从材料表面逸出的难度。.在SF6气体中分别添加N2和CO2作为缓冲气体,研究其对Ag/Ti3SiC2电弧烧蚀性能的影响。随着缓冲气体所占比例的上升,击穿强度逐渐降低,电弧烧蚀面积逐渐增大。在SF6/CO2混合气体中的烧蚀区域内观察到了大量孔洞,同时Ag/Ti3SiC2发生了氧化,这极大得损害Ag/Ti3SiC2的性能。与SF6/CO2气体相比,SF6/N2气氛是一种较合适的选择。.在SF6/N2环境中研究Ag/Ti3SiC2多次电弧烧蚀性能的性能,发现随着烧蚀次数的增加,相对击穿强度逐渐上升。电弧烧蚀过程中出现了银液的喷溅,而Ti3SiC2抑制了银液的喷溅,这对电弧烧蚀带来的损伤具有缓解作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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