中文词语属性对预视加工影响的眼动和ERP研究

The essence and mechanism of eye movement control is the hotspot of current cognitive reading study. Whether words in a line are processed one by one，or two or more words could be processed in parallel，is a major dispute between serial attention shift and distributed lexical processing models of eye movement control. .The study was based on the idea of intersectant research of psychology, cognitive neuroscience and linguistics. We adopted a boundary paradigm eye movement technology and an ERPs paradigm using rapid serial visual presentation technology. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether the linguistic properties of Chinese words can affect the preview processing during Chinese text reading. It was as follows..(1) The first purpose of this study was to reveal the different preview processing for different kinds of words.When the parafoveal word and foveal word were or not a whole word, the time course of thei preview processing was the same or not. we discussed the parafoveal processing of monomorphemic word, compound word and phrase in normal Chinese reading. (2) We also wanted to probe whether the lexical properties of compound words information can affect preview benefit. We examined how the structure and predictability of compound word affect parafoveal processing. (3) And we studied whether the word boundary information can affect preview processing. We examined the influence of adding word demarcation between words on preview effects during Chinese sentence reading. Using the boundary technique, the preview of a character was either correct or was visually dissimilar and meaningless but resembling a Chinese character. An invisible boundary was set before the target word; when the eyes moved across the boundary, the previewed character was changed to its intended form..By the series studies about the impact of the high cognitive factors on preview effect, we expected to reveal the manner of processing and the speciality of eye movement control. The study will provide academic bases and practical tests for the construction of eye movement control model in Chinese text reading.

关于眼动控制的本质以及发生机制的研究是目前阅读认知研究的热点。本研究采用心理学、认知神经科学、语言学等多学科交叉的研究思路，运用眼动追踪和事件相关电位(event-related potentials, ERPs)等实时研究技术，运用边界范式和快速系列视觉呈现技术来考察熟练阅读者在中文文本阅读过程中，词语的属性特征对预视加工产生影响的过程和机制。本研究将重点探讨：（1）在文本阅读中不同种类词语的预视加工之间存在的差异；（2）复合词的内部属性特点是否会对预视加工产生影响；（3）中文文本中的词边界信息是否会影响预视加工等问题。通过对预视效应产生影响的高水平认知因素的深入研究，从而揭示中文信息加工的方式以及眼动控制的独特性。本研究将为中文阅读过程中的眼动控制模型的构建提供理论基础和实证依据。

本研究运用眼动追踪和事件相关电位(event-related potentials, ERPs)等实时研究技术，运用边界范式和快速系列视觉呈现技术以考察熟练阅读者在中文文本阅读过程中，词语的属性特征对预视加工产生影响的过程和机制。研究发现：（1）在文本阅读中不同类型词语的预视加工存在显著的差异；（2）复合词的内部属性特征会对预视加工产生影响；（3）中文文本中的词边界信息会影响预视加工。该结果表明，词语的属性特征，即预视字和注视字之间的关系会影响预视加工，从而决定视觉范围内的多个词是按照串行的方式还是并行的方式进行加工，在一定程度上更倾向于支持并行眼动模型。