大型阵列雷达最优子阵划分及处理研究

For large-scale array radars, array signal processing at element level is impossibility and unnecessary. Subarray technology is an eclectic and effective scheme. However, it is very difficult to deal with the optimal subarray configuration both in theory and practice. Many undergoing radar programs, such as ground-based anti-missile warning radars, ship-borne warning radars and airborne warning radars, have encountered the optimization of subarray partitioning, which is a bottleneck technology. Nowadays, there is no perfect theory about the optimization of subarray partitioning. Therefore, it is very urgent to promote the research in the optimization of the subarray partitioning and the processing technology. This program aims at the optimization of subarray partitioning in large-scale array radars. At first, the special restrictions of array processing, such as beamforming, mono-pulse and STAP on subarray partitioning will be investigated. The optimization model will be established based on the analyses of the relationship of the array processing and the subarray architecture. Then, the algorithms to find the optimal subarray partitioning will be proposed using the combinatorics theory, clustering analysis and optimization methodology. At last, the electronic performance of the optimal subarray partitioning will be presented by simulations and by actual equipment experiments. This program will establish perfect theory on subarray partitioning of the array radar, which will be benefit the development and optimization of the large-scale array radars in radar industry department.

对于大型阵列雷达而言，在阵元级进行阵列处理不可能、且不必要，子阵技术是一种折衷、有效的实现方案。然而要实现最优子阵划分在理论和工程实现上都是难题。国内在研的地基反导雷达、舰载预警雷达、机载预警雷达等许多装备均遇到最优子阵划分这一瓶颈问题，目前最优子阵划分问题尚缺乏理论指导。因此，开展阵列雷达最优子阵划分及处理的研究尤为迫切。 本项目将致力于解决大型阵列雷达最优子阵划分这一难题。首先，深入研究波束形成、单脉冲测角、空时自适应处理等应用对子阵划分的特殊要求，揭示阵列处理性能与子阵划分之间的内在联系，建立最优子阵划分问题的数学模型；然后，分析优化问题的特点，利用组合数学、聚类分析和最优化理论开发相应的最优子阵划分求解方法；最后，进行理论性能对比与实装验证实验，检验最优子阵划分的性能优势。本项目将建立完善的阵列雷达子阵划分理论，为我国雷达工业部门大型阵列雷达系统研制提供系统的理论指导。

针对大型阵列雷达而言，子阵技术是一种折衷、有效的工程实现方案。国外现役的大型阵列雷达均应用了子阵技术。国内在研的地基反导雷达、舰载预警雷达、机载预警雷达等许多装备均遇到最优子阵划分及子阵级处理这一瓶颈问题。.本项目重点研究了波束形成、单脉冲技术、空时自适应处理等应用对子阵划分的特殊要求，建立了最优子阵划分问题的数学模型；然后利用组合数学、聚类分析和最优化理论开发了相应的最优子阵划分求解方法；针对非规则子阵划分，提出并实现了基于X算法的最优子阵划分方案。针对单脉冲应用，提出并实现了基于聚类和分级聚类的最优子阵划分方案，有效解决了单脉冲和差矛盾。针对空时自适应处理应用，提出并实现了基于蚁群算法的最优列向划分方案，获得最优杂波抑制性能。最后与工业部门合作，根据电性能指标遴选出最优的非规则子阵划分方案，研制出国内（乃至国际）首部非规则子阵阵列天线，通过测试阵列天线的电性能，验证了非规则子阵技术的性能优势。本项目建立了较完善的阵列雷达最优子阵设计与处理理论，为我国雷达工业部门大型阵列雷达系统研制提供系统的理论指导。