古水稻土土壤有机质与铁相互作用的过程与机制

Fe and soil organic matter(SOM) are the activer component in pedogenic processes of the paddy soil. The complexing with SOM and Fe can form organic -inorganic complexation, they are the foundation of soil fertility and play an important role in the soil fertility improving, the matter transferring and accumulating while soil forming processes. It is concerned on the interaction processes and mechanism of SOM-iron oxide-microorganism. The forming and cumulating processes of SOM, the structure and composition of soil humus,the transferring and transforming processes of iron oxide, the effects of SOM and iron oxide on soil magnetic susceptibility and the stability of aggregate and the character of orgganic-mineral complexation are studied in the ancient paddy soil that develop under the different history period and the environmental condition at Shanlonggang. The objective of the project are that the interaction processes and mechanism of SOM and iron is revealed in the pedogenic processes of paddy soil, the component and structure character of organic-inoranic complexation are understood under the different environmental condition. The suggestions that SOM is promoted and soil carbon is fixed and organic-mineral complexes forms and its stability are made while scientific evidence of the geochemistry cycle and transformation is offered on SOM and iron oxide.

有机质与铁是水稻土成土过程中较活跃的组分，有机质与铁复合或络合可形成有机-无机复合体，有机-矿质复合体是土壤肥力的物质基础，在土壤肥力的发挥、土壤形成过程中物质的迁移和积累方面具有重要作用。有机质-铁氧化物-微生物相互作用的过程与机理研究已成为人们关注的热点。本项目将以杉龙岗古水稻土为例，研究不同历史时期、不同环境条件下形成的古水稻土的有机质形成与累积过程，土壤腐殖质的结构与组成，铁氧化物的迁移与转化过程，有机质与铁氧化物对土壤磁化率和土壤团聚体稳定性影响，有机-矿质复合体的特征与表征等内容。揭示水稻土成土过程中有机质与铁相互作用的过程与机理，弄清不同环境条件下形成的水稻土的有机-矿质复合体的组成与结构特征。为水稻土土壤有机质的提升与碳固定，有机-矿质复合体的形成与稳定性，土壤有机质与铁氧化物的地球化学循环及转化提供科学依据。

摘 要：有机质与铁是水稻土成土过程中较活跃的组分，有机质与铁复合或络合可形成有机-无机复合体，有机-矿质复合体是土壤肥力的物质基础，在土壤肥力的发挥、土壤形成过程中物质的迁移和积累方面具有重要作用。有机质-铁氧化物-微生物相互作用的过程与机理研究已成为人们关注的热点。通过4年的研究，本项目以杉龙岗古水稻土为例，研究了不同历史时期、不同环境条件下形成的埋藏古水稻土与现代水稻土有机质形成与累积过程，土壤腐殖质的结构与组成，铁氧化物的迁移与转化过程，有机质与铁氧化物对土壤磁化率和土壤团聚体稳定性影响，有机-矿质复合体的特征与表征等内容。揭示了水稻土成土过程中有机质与铁相互作用的过程与机理，弄清了不同时期水稻土的有机-矿质复合体的组成与结构特征。为水稻土土壤有机质的提升与碳固定，有机-矿质复合体的形成与稳定性，土壤有机质与铁氧化物的地球化学循环及转化提供科学依据。