基于高精度测风激光雷达的合肥上空零风层时空分布规律研究

Zero wind layer usually lies in the low stratosphere, development of stratospheric aircraft has been gained great support, because it can stay in zero wind layer within a long time and keep observing continuously at a certain height or focusing at one point, so the research focusing on zero wind layer has important significance. China is lack of zero wind layer observation data, the information of zero wind layer distribution may be accurately obtained by mobile Rayleigh Doppler wind Lidar(DWL). the research project will study four issues: Firstly, to eliminate the error brought by using the mode of temperature, we are planning to establish a new calibration method of DWL, the profile of atmospheric measured temperature is obtained by DWL with vertical detection mode, and the detection accuracy of wind field will be enhanced. Secondly, the relationship between the seed laser temperature control and Nd:YAG laser frequency stabilization will be researched to improve the stability of the laser properties, we will build atmospheric wind field observation database of three years over Hefei, and extract the zero wind layer data from it to create the zero wind layer characteristic database. Third, we will analyze QBO phase and the process of northward jump of the upper westerly jet location in the year corresponding project research with reanalysis data, and explore their influence on temporal and spatial distribution of zero wind layer over Hefei. At last, we will carry out a comprehensive analysis on the basis of characteristics of the observed zero wind data and QBO phase and northward jump of the upper westerly jet location, the temporal and spatial distribution of zero wind layer over Hefei under different conditions will be revealed. the research results will provide a data information for the Stratospheric aircraft research and atmospheric processes, and provide reference for the prediction and forecasting of zero wind layer.

低平流层中存在零风层风场，平流层飞行器能够在零风层内长时间滞空，满足定点或连续观测需求，平流层飞行器发展倍受关注，零风层研究具有重要意义。我国缺乏零风层观测数据，车载瑞利散射多普勒测风激光雷达可以很精确地获得零风层的时空分布信息。本项目拟先研究多普勒测风激光雷达校准的新方法，基于垂直探测方式获得大气实测温度廓线，消除使用模式温度带来的探测偏差，提高风场探测精度；其次研究种子激光器环境温度控制与Nd:YAG激光器稳频的关系，保持激光器性能稳定，长期探测合肥上空大气风场并提取零风层数据进行特征分析；再次，利用对应的再分析数据研究QBO不同相位和东亚高空西风急流北跳过程和日期，探索对合肥上空零风层时空分布的影响；最后，结合零风层实测数据综合分析并揭示在不同条件下的合肥上空零风层风场时空分布规律；为平流层飞行器研制、大气动力学过程研究等提供数据，为零风层风场预测和预报研究提供参考依据。

零风层是当前大气科学研究中的热点问题，多普勒测风激光雷达是探测大气风场空间分布的强有力手段，针对零风层的分布范围，瑞利散射多普勒测风激光雷达是合适的手段，车载式激光雷达具有机动性强的特点，可以针对不同地域进行观测。本项目针对激光雷达系统校准以及维护系统性能长期稳定等难题，开展对合肥地区上空的零风层分布规律进行研究。具体来说，包括以下几个方面：.（1）基于大气实测温度的激光雷达系统校准，提高了系统对大气风场的观测精度；（2）研究基于种子激光器温度控制的稳频技术，维护激光雷达系统性能稳定，最大限度地获取合肥(31.86°N,117.28°E)上空10-30km高度的有效大气风场数据；（3）利用车载瑞利散射多普勒测风激光雷达，对合肥上空10-30km高度大气风场进行长期探测，提取了零风层风场数据信息；（4）分析了低纬地区准两年周期振荡对合肥上空零风层的影响。.本项目共发表论文7篇，录用论文1篇，其中EI检索6篇；授权专利6项；获得军队科技进步一等奖1项。