基于北斗卫星辐射源的被动雷达海面运动目标检测方法

The BD-PBR is a new bistatic radar technology for maritime moving target detection, whose transmitter is the BeiDou navigation satellite system and receiver is mounted on the island or on the oil drilling platform . The receiver passively receives the BeiDou satellite signal that is reflected from the maritime targets, and after the signal processing, it can detect the maritime ship targets. The BD-PBR has many advantages, such as wide coverage, good concealment, and low-cost, etc. However, current moving target detection methods are no longer applicable due to the very low signal-to-clutter-noise ratio（could be lower than -48dB）, strongly incoherent, and higher-order range cell migration characteristics of the echo signal, which are caused by the low transmitted power spectral density, long observation time, and nonlinear movement of the target. .The project will be focused on the basic problems in BD-PBR maritime moving target detection. Sea clutter and impact analysis, moving target echo modeling and characteristic analysis, detection methods, and other research work will be carried out. The key technologies such as long time effective accumulation of target echo energy under time-varying scattering characteristic condition are going to be broken through. At the same time, simulation is utilized to verify the methods. The research of this project is of important scientific significance for improving the basic research level and the ability of independent innovation in passive radar fields of our country.

基于北斗卫星辐射源的被动雷达（简写BD-PBR）海面运动目标检测，是一种新的双基地雷达技术体制，它利用我国自主的北斗卫星作为辐射源，接收站安装于岛礁或海上石油钻井平台高处，被动接收海面目标反射的北斗卫星信号，通过信号处理，实现对舰船目标的探测，具有覆盖范围广、隐蔽性好、低代价等优势，可实现对重点海面区域的大范围持续监视。然而，由于BD-PBR发射功率谱密度小、观测时间长、目标运动非线性等原因，其回波具有信杂噪比极低（可小于-48dB）、非相干性强、跨单元阶数高等特性，现有运动目标检测方法不再适用。本项目将围绕BD-PBR海面运动目标探测的基础问题，开展BD-PBR海杂波特性及影响分析、运动目标回波建模、检测方法等研究工作，解决散射特性时变条件下的目标回波能量长时间有效积累等关键科学问题，并进行仿真验证。本项目研究可以提高我国在被动雷达技术方面的基础研究水平和自主创新能力，具有重要科学意义。

基于北斗卫星辐射源的被动雷达（BD-PBR）是一种具有重要应用价值的新概念、新体制雷达，其以北斗卫星作为辐射源，接收站被动接收目标区域的北斗信号，具有全天时、全天候、低代价、隐蔽性好等优势，适合广泛应用于我国主权岛礁等平台上，实现对临近海域的大范围持续监视，通过信号处理手段，完成海面舰船等运动目标的有效探测。.BD-PBR海杂波建模及目标回波建模、跨距离单元精确校正、长时间有效积累等，是实现BD-PBR海面目标检测的核心关键。本项目针对这些问题进行了理论分析、方法研究、仿真验证、实验验证等工作，主要内容如下：. 1）研究了BD-PBR构型条件下的海杂波特性，分析了海杂波对海面目标探测性能的影响；建立了BD-PBR海面运动目标回波模型，为目标探测提供了简洁精确的回波表达式。. 2）研究了对称Keystone目标距离徙动校正方法，解决了非线性-非合作运动条件下目标回波包络对齐问题。. 3）提出了BD-PBR多帧相干-非相干联合海面目标检测方法，解决了BD-PBR极低信噪比条件下目标能量长时间有效积累问题。 .以上模型与方法已通过理论分析、计算机仿真、海面实验进行了验证，结果表明，上述方法可实现BD-PBR海面目标的有效检测。