先进陶瓷微型制造技术基础研究

Computer-aid ink-jet printing forming is one of the solid free-forming echnologies. It is a novel concept for forming multi-functional ceramics and complicated structural materials, and has a bright prospect for versatile applications. Micro-area component and structural design can be realized by using this strategy. This project focused on the computer-aid ink-jet printing forming of advanced ceramics with the help of the office computer system. The preparations of ceramic ink for ink-jet printing forming were investigated by using different methods: dispersion method, sol method and reverse microemulsion (RM) method. The emphasis was put on the two types of RM systems, which are aqueous and nonaqueous, and four concrete RM systems, which belong to these two types. The RM region in the quasi-ternary phase diagram, effects of temperature, the preparation techniques of ceramic inks and their physicochemical properties were studied. The technical ways to increase water-dissolving amount, so as to increase the solid load in the ceramic inks was explored. The experimental results showed that the stability of ceramic inks by RM method was excellent. The grain size in the ink was about 10nm and very well-dispersed. The physicochemical properties of the inks can basically match the requirements of the ink-printer. It was found, unfortunately, that the main obstacle for successful realization of ink-jet printing forming lies in the low solid content of the inks. It was somehow difficult to solve this problem enevthough many measures have been taken. However, it was gained a great success to print the ZrO2 ceramic ink obtained by dispersing it into water using stereo and statically electrical mechanisms.

基于微型制造新概念，提出材料微区成分结构设计新思路，借助计算机系统进行材料微区成分结构设计，研究利用多色打印实现所设计陶瓷的喷射打印成型技术关键。深入研究陶瓷墨水制备和各种添加剂对适合打印成型用陶瓷墨水理化性能的影响与优化及其与打印硬件相匹配的关系。本项目符合材料设计新趋势，为微型制造技术迈向实用化奠定理论和技术基础。