基于飞秒激光频率梳大尺寸绝对距离测量技术的研究

Length is a basic physical parameter. High precision length measurement is very important issue in the scientific research. However, femtosecond laser frequency comb has attracted more attention for high precision, abundant information and high speed acquisition ratio. The precision of length measurement can be improved by using the time of flight technique and wavelength interferometry of femtosecond optical frequency comb. The determined length is composed of multiple optical distance between two pulses and decimal fraction part. In this scheme, the cooperation target of 35 meters in the space large scale coordinate measuring system could be determined by the femtosecond laser frequency comb. Furthermore, dispersion control unit of high density transmissive gratings are used to compress the broadend.femtosecond pulsed laser, transmission model could be optimized simultaneously in this research. High precision length measurement can be attained by the new active compensation dispersion technique. The scheme will be helpful to the untify between the length measurement and definition of time. It can also offer technical support for the large scale digital manufacture and future satellite formation flying.

长度量是个基本的物理量，其精密测量在科学技术领域有重要的基础意义。而飞秒激光光学频率梳测距技术以其精度高、信息含量丰富和采样速率高等特点受到广泛关注。本课题拟将飞秒激光时间飞行法和干涉测量法引入到测距领域以提高测距精度。该方法所测的绝对距离便等于整数倍的脉冲间隔距离与小数个脉冲间隔距离之和。利用时间飞行信息可以得到激光往返光程中整数个脉冲数量的距离信息。通过干涉测量法可以确定脉冲间隔的小数部分。不同的是，课题拟采用飞秒激光光学频率梳首次对我国空间大尺寸坐标测量系统计量标准中35米的合作目标进行测量，并且采用基于高密度透射式光栅的小型化色散控制器对展宽后的飞秒脉冲进行重新补偿压缩，同时优化现有传输模型，以实现高精度飞秒激光频率梳测距。项目的开展不仅可以使高精度距离测量溯源到国际上标准的时间定义，而且有望为大规模数字化装配和未来空间卫星编队飞行等任务提供有力的技术支持。

长度量是个基本的物理量，其精密测量在科学技术领域有重要的基础意义。而飞秒激光光学频率梳测距技术以其精度高、信息含量丰富和采样速率高等特点，近年来受到人们的广泛关注。本课题将飞秒激光时间飞行法和干涉测量法引入到测距领域以提高测距精度。该方法所测的绝对距离便等于整数倍的间隔距离与小数个脉冲间隔距离之和。利用时间飞行信息可以得到激光往返光程中整数个脉冲数量的距离信息。通过干涉测量法可以确定脉冲间隔的小数部分，最终测量的精度在亚微米量级。并且采用基于高密度透射式光栅的小型化色散控制器对展宽后的飞秒脉冲进行重新补偿压缩，以实现高精度飞秒光学频率梳测距。项目的开展不仅可以使高精度距离测量溯源到国际上标准的时间定义，而且有望为大规模数字化装配和未来空间卫星编队飞行等任务提供有力的技术支持。