面向能耗优化的无线Mesh网络节点部署与节能调度机制研究

Wireless mesh network (WMN) is a novel broadband wireless access network, and its energy efficiency issues have gained global attention due to the growth of low-carbon green networks. Hence, this project aims to optimize network energy consumption from three distinct perspectives in both network planning and operation phase, including mesh node placement, mesh node power-saving scheduling and radio power-saving scheduling. Firstly, a heuristic algorithm for mesh node placement is proposed to construct an energy-efficient topology of mesh backbone, considering the topology factors related to energy consumption optimization, such as the number of mesh nodes, overlapped coverage, gateway path length and gateway load balance. Then, an algorithm for dynamic power-saving scheduling of mesh node is proposed to schedule the status of mesh nodes through online optimization in order to put partial mesh nodes into sleep mode and achieve energy consumption optimization. Finally, an adaptive radio power-saving scheduling algorithm is presented, in which mesh node schedules the status of its radios according to partial network load information so as to further optimize network energy consumption. This work will provide effective technologies for achieving low-power, low-cost and high-performance wireless mesh networks, and it has both theoretical and practical significance.

无线Mesh网络是一种新型的宽带无线接入网络，随着全球对绿色网络和低碳节能的关注，其能耗问题日益凸显。因此，本项目综合考虑网络规划与运行两个阶段，从Mesh节点部署、Mesh节点节能调度和射频接口节能调度三个方面对网络能耗进行优化。提出带能耗优化的Mesh节点部署算法，考虑到Mesh节点数量、覆盖重叠、网关路径长度、网关负载均衡等拓扑相关因素对网络能耗的影响，生成高能效的Mesh骨干网拓扑；提出Mesh节点动态节能调度算法，通过在线优化对Mesh节点的工作状态进行调度，使部分Mesh节点进入睡眠状态，在网络运行阶段优化网络能耗；提出自适应的射频接口节能调度算法，使得Mesh节点根据局部的网络负载信息对本节点上射频接口的工作状态进行调度，关闭空闲射频接口，从而进一步降低网络能耗。这些工作将为实现低能耗、低成本、高性能的无线Mesh网络提供有效的技术支撑，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

针对无线Mesh网络的能耗问题，研究节点部署与节能调度中的相关模型和算法，围绕Mesh节点部署、Mesh节点节能调度和射频接口节能调度三个方面，在网络的规划与运行阶段对网络能耗进行优化。在Mesh节点部署方面，综合考虑MR数量、MG数量、路径长度等影响网络能耗的关键因素，提出了一种三阶段的节点部署算法，实现MR节点选择、MG节点选择，以及MR-MG路径的构建与优化。在Mesh节点节能调度方面，提出了一种基于功率控制和关联管理的Mesh节点节能调度算法，在满足所有用户带宽需求的前提下，以最小化网络总功率为目标，通过Mesh节点开启/关闭状态的调度、信号发射功率的配置和Mesh节点-用户关联关系的管理，实现网络能耗优化。在射频接口节能调度方面，建立了一种联合信道分配和路由的射频接口节能调度优化模型，在保证所有流的带宽需求的前提下，通过合理分配每个节点上活跃射频接口的信道，最小化活跃射频接口的数量和信道切换的数量；同时，考虑Mesh节点节能调度和射频接口节能调度的联合优化，提出了相应的全局优化算法与局部优化算法，进一步优化网络能耗。在上述理论研究工作的基础上，设计并开发了节点部署原型系统和节点节能调度原型系统，并进行了相应的实验验证。项目组在IJSNET、IEEE Access、WCMC、CSCWD、SMC等期刊和会议上发表论文18篇，申请国家发明专利2项。