基于任意频变复阻抗匹配的宽带圆极化微带天线的优化分析与综合

Wideband circularly polarized microstrip antennas (CPMA) are widely used in wireless communication. Currently, computer-aided design of wideband BCPMA is mostly performed with electromagnetic numerical simulation by repeatedly adjusting the antenna size to meet the design specifications. It is difficult to achieve optimal antenna with low design efficiency, poor universality and limited degrees of freedom (DOF). Therefore, the research on multi-objective optimization analysis and high DOF synthesis methods for wideband CPMA based on arbitrary frequency-dependent complex impedance (AFDCI) matching is very important, which will urge to develop wideband CPMA synthesis softwares. It has broad application prospects..Novel AFDCI-terminated couplers will be proposed to increase the 3dB gain bandwidth and design DOF of dual-feed wideband CPMA. And an AFDCI dual-wideband matching technique will be proposed to realize single-feed dual-wideband CPMA with arbitrary frequency ratio and controllable bandwidth. Accurate resonant frequency, quality factor and input resistance analysis formulas of microstrip antennas will be constructed by effectively combining electromagnetic numerical simulation, curve fitting techniques and global optimization algorithms. Based on the equivalent circuit, the multi-objective optimization analysis method of wideband CPMA will be proposed. Using the optimized results as training data and neural network inverse modeling techniques, synthesis models for wideband CPMA will be established. Using the synthesis model, optimal physical dimensions including the feed structure parameters can be directly and quickly calculated. It will significantly improve the antenna design efficiency.

广泛应用于无线通信的宽带圆极化微带天线需采用计算机进行辅助设计，但目前大多依靠电磁数值仿真反复调整天线尺寸来满足设计指标，难以使天线达到最优，且设计效率低，通用性差，自由度有限，因此研究基于任意频变复阻抗匹配的宽带圆极化微带天线的多目标优化分析与高自由度综合方法，进而开发综合软件，具有重要的理论意义和广阔的应用前景。.提出端接任意频变复阻抗耦合器新结构，以提高双馈圆极化微带天线的3dB增益带宽与设计自由度；提出任意频变复阻抗双频宽带匹配技术，实现任意频率比的带宽可控的单馈双频宽带圆极化微带天线；将电磁数值仿真、曲线拟合技术和全局优化算法有效结合，构造出精确的微带天线谐振频率、品质因数和输入电阻分析公式；以等效电路为基础实现宽带圆极化微带天线的多目标优化分析；并以优化结果作为训练数据构建天线综合模型。采用本项目综合模型，可直接快速地计算出天线的最优化物理尺寸，从而显著提高天线设计效率。

本项目针对广泛应用于无线通信的宽带圆极化微带天线的计算机辅助设计方法开展研究，提出了一种简便快捷的微带天线品质因数提取算法；基于田口优化算法，改进了微带天线谐振频率、品质因数和输入电阻的分析公式；提出了一种端接任意频变复阻抗3dB耦合器，研制了基于端接任意频变复阻抗耦合器的双馈宽带圆极化微带天线；提出了一种将电容性耦合和蜿蜒带条相结合的组合式微带天线馈电技术，即使在较大高低工作频率比情况下，单馈双频圆极化微带天线的两个工作频段仍可以同时具有良好的输入匹配特性，并以任意频变复阻抗双频匹配技术为基础，突破了单馈双频双圆极化微带天线的最小工作频率比；提出了一种单馈圆极化微带天线的综合公式，简化了单馈圆极化微带天线的设计，提高了设计效率。. 项目原计划发表论文8~12篇，其中IEEE期刊论文至少3篇，SCI检索论文至少5篇，申请发明专利2项。截止到2017年12月底，项目组已发表学术论文19篇（SCI检索论文11篇，含IEEE期刊论文5篇；EI检索论文7篇，不包含SCI检索论文）；申请发明专利9项（2项已授权）。项目成果获辽宁省技术发明一等奖1项，大连市技术发明一等奖1项。在本项目执行过程中，培养微波技术与天线领域专业技术人才9名，其中博士研究生3名，硕士研究生6名。依托本项目的资助获得辽宁省优秀硕士学位论文1篇，大连海事大学优秀博士学位论文1篇（已推荐评选辽宁省优秀博士学位论文）。项目主持人于2017年11月入选“辽宁省百千万人才工程”，2015年12月获得“大连市青年科技之星”称号。