喷涂双极膜的分子设计、快组装机制及纳微结构演变行为

The related technology of bipolar membrane is of significantly importance to promote the scientific progress in the fields of environment, energy, chemical engineering and biology. The key scientific point in the development of bipolar membrane material is to establish the structure-performance relationship between the micro-, nano-structure and surface properties of the cation-, anion- exchange layers and intermediate layer with the water dissociation and ion transport behaviors. With regard to the unique multilayer structure of bipolar membrane, the combination of an alternately, sequentially or simultaneously spray self-assembly and crosslinking reaction will be developed to form polyelectrolyte complex intermediate layer and membrane layer, which will be a new type of bipolar membrane material system. The charge compensation, chain conformation, polymer rearrangement on the substrates and the multi-scale structure evolution behavior in such a fast assembly process will be revealed in the nano-scale range. The effects of building blocks and assembling conditions on the growth kinetics, the membrane thickness, and microtopography will be intensively investigated. Subsequently, the influences of multi-scale structure and interfacial properties on water dissociation and ion transport behavior will be further studied. Based on the above, a new way to enhance both the water dissociation and ion transport behaviors will be constructed. This will provide necessary theory guides for the design and assembly of novel multi-component and multi-layer bipolar membrane, and the regulation of nanometer thickness and the microstructure of cation-, anion- exchange layers and intermediate layer.

基于双极膜的相关技术对于推动环境、能源、化工和生物等领域的科学进步具有重要意义。双极膜材料发展的关键科学问题是要建立阴、阳膜层和中间界面层的微纳结构及表面性质与水解离和离子传递行为之间关联的科学规律。针对双极膜多层结构的独特性，本研究将通过交替、顺次或同步喷涂组装和交联反应形成聚电解质多层复合物中间界面层和膜层，从而构建一类新型双极膜材料体系。从纳米尺度上揭示快组装过程中聚电解质在基底表面的电荷补偿、链构象变化、重排及多尺度结构演变行为；研究构筑基元和组装条件对膜的生长动力学、膜层厚度、纳微形貌的影响；进一步掌握膜的多尺度结构和界面性质对水解离和离子传递行为的影响规律。构建出一条协同强化水解离和盐水扩散行为的新途径，为有目标性地设计和组装新型多组分多层双极膜、实现阴阳膜层和中间界面层的纳米级厚度和微结构调控提供必要的理论指导。

本研究将通过交替、顺次或同步喷涂组装和交联反应形成聚电解质多层复合物中间界面层和膜层，制备了一系列新型双极膜材料体系。并在纳米尺度上揭示快组装过程中聚电解质在基底表面的电荷补偿、链构象变化、重排及多尺度结构演变行为；研究构筑基元和组装条件对膜的生长动力学、膜层厚度、纳微形貌的影响；研究了界面性质对水解离和离子传递行为的影响规律。为有目标性地设计和组装新型多组分多层双极膜、实现阴阳膜层和中间界面层的纳米级厚度和微结构调控提供了相应的理论指导。