基于材料属性检测的儿童头颅有限元模型构建及损伤仿真实验研究

The mechanism and the biomechanical response of head injury in children are still not clear, and the using of three-dimensional finite element model of children head in this field is still in its infancy. This study is based on the earlier research of adult head finite element model to study the biomechanics mechanism of head injury in adult. In view of the serious lack of children's skull material properties, and there are many defects in nowadays 3D finite element model of the children's head, based on the epidemiological investigation of head injury in children, we plan to use the precision universal material testing machine to detect the mechanical properties of the scalp, skull, dura mater, brain and other head tissues in infants and young children. In this way a database of mechanical properties of cranial material for children should be established. Then with the DICOM format of child head images obtained by CT and MRI scanning, the accurate 3D finite element model for children should be established.And with the model, a series of simulation experiments should be launched, which contained head injuries caused by strikes, tumble and fall from height, to investigate the mechanism of biomechanics mechanism of head injury in children.Our purpose is to provide a new method and a new tool for the identification of damage characteristics by different Injury mode. And to provide theoretical basis and reference for the application of 3D finite element model in the field of forensic medicine.

儿童头颅损伤致伤机制及生物力学响应尚不明确，利用头颅三维有限元模型对其进行研究尚处于起步阶段。本研究基于前期利用成人头颅有限元模型研究其损伤生物力学机制基础上，针对儿童头颅材料属性参数严重缺乏、现有儿童头颅三维有限元模型存在诸多缺陷现状，拟在儿童头颅损伤流行病学调查基础上，采用精密万能材料试验机，创新性地系统检测儿童尸体头颅头皮、颅骨、颅缝、硬脑膜及大脑等组织的力学属性参数，建立专属于儿童的头颅材料力学属性参数数据库，结合儿童头颅CT及MRI扫描获得的DICOM格式影像片，建立精准的儿童头颅三维有限元模型，并利用该模型，开展打击、摔跌及高坠系列仿真实验，探讨儿童头颅损伤的生物力学成伤机制，为儿童头颅损伤打击、摔跌及高坠等不同致伤方式鉴别提供新方法和新工具，为儿童头颅三维有限元模型在法医学领域的应用提供理论基础和参考依据。

儿童头颅损伤致伤机制及生物力学响应尚不明确，利用头颅三维有限元模型对其进行研究尚处于起步阶段。现有的儿童头颅材料属性参数严重缺乏导致儿童头颅三维有限元模型存在诸多缺陷。本研究基于前期利用成人头颅有限元模型研究其损伤生物力学机制基础上，开展了儿童等不同年龄人群头颅损伤流行病学调查并且获得了儿童等未成年人头颅损伤特征及其致伤方式等数据。课题组采用精密万能材料试验机系统地检测了儿童尸体头颅头皮、颅骨、颅缝、硬脑膜及大脑等组织的力学属性参数，建立了专属于儿童的头颅材料力学属性参数数据库。课题组结合儿童头颅CT及MRI扫描获得的DICOM格式影像片，建立了8岁儿童头颅三维有限元模型。利用该模型，课题组开展了打击、摔跌及高坠系列仿真实验，探讨儿童头颅损伤的生物力学成伤机制，为儿童头颅损伤打击、摔跌及高坠等不同致伤方式鉴别提供新方法和新工具，为儿童头颅三维有限元模型在法医学领域的应用提供理论基础和参考依据。