武陵山地区摇蚊科生物多样性和生物地理学研究

In Wuling Mountainous Areas which is one of the most biodiverse hotspots areas of China, the research on Chironomidae is relatively weak in comparison with some other groups, and presently only few early records; therefore, there are not only lots of early old records need to be re-checked, but also quite a bit new taxa need to be re-described. According to the latest international classification system of chironomid, the project will record and revise the Chironomidae distributed in Wuling Mountainous Areas, during the process of carrying, the project will combine the method of comparative morphology with biogeography, and take use of GIS technology to carry out the research on the Chironomidae taxonomic revision and biogeography in Wuling Mountainous Areas. On this basis, the project will attempt to use of the cladistics and molecular systematics to analyze some typical groups and problematic species in order to establish their phylogenetic relationships and to clarify their taxonomic position. The research achievement will make up for the blank of Chironomidae in Wuling Mountainous Areas, provide the Chironomidae taxonomic data of Wuling Mountainous Areas to the world, supply evidence to reasonably conclude the faunal distribution boundary.In addition, the research achievement will have great value in theory and practical significance for water quality assessment, biodiversity protection and the sustainable development of ecological system.

武陵山地区作为中国生物多样性最热点的地区之一，摇蚊科较其他类群的研究相对仍尚显薄弱，目前仅有早期零星的记载；因此，该地区不但大量早期旧有记录有待核定，而且仍有相当数量的新分类单元有待记述。本研究依据国际上最新的摇蚊分类系统，对武陵山地区摇蚊科进行记述和修订，以比较形态学、生物地理学相结合的研究方式，利用GIS技术，开展武陵山地区摇蚊科昆虫分类修订和生物地理学的研究。在此基础上，利用支序系统学、分子系统学的方法，对某些代表类群和疑难种类展开进一步的研究，从而建立其系统发育关系和厘清其分类地位。所获研究成果可填补武陵山地区摇蚊科空白，为国内外摇蚊工作提供武陵山地区的分类资料，为合理制定中国动物地理分界线提供一定的理论依据。此外，本研究结果对该地区水环境质量评价、生物多样性保护和生态系统可持续发展具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。

本研究按照计划对武陵山地区摇蚊科进行全面的野外考察。通过调查补充了摇蚊科的研究标本和分布记录。制作摇蚊玻片标本2000余张，并对标本进行形态学测量、绘图等分类工作。依据国际上最新的摇蚊分类系统，对武陵山地区摇蚊科进行记述和修订，基于比较形态学的研究方法，对旧有记录的种类的模式标本进行重新核对，修正错误鉴定和同物异名等问题，编写了鉴定资料，修订后的名录和分布资料，共计3亚科39属140余种，极大地丰富了该地区摇蚊的多样性。在此基础上，结合分子系统学的方法，对某些代表类群和疑难种类展开进一步的研究，解决隐种、同物异名等问题，并为建立其系统发育关系和厘清其分类地位提供依据。依据分布地信息，归纳武陵山地区摇蚊科区系特征和生物地理分布格局。所获研究成果可填补武陵山地区摇蚊科空白，为国内外摇蚊工作提供武陵山地区的分类资料。此外，本研究结果为该地区水环境质量评价、生物多样性保护和生态系统可持续发展提供重要的理论数据和参考资料。