金属增强型荧光传感器的构建及其对重金属离子的识别

In recent years, environmental health, food security and human health affected by the heavy metal ions pollution arose people's great attention. In order to meet the needs of rapid, sensitive and selective detection of the heavy metal ions，higher properties of heavy metal ion sensor are requested. In this project, the recognition interaction between functional nucleic acids and heavy metal ions is introduced into the sensor design, guarantee the high selectivity of the sensor. Use of metal-enhanced fluorescence as the output signal of the sensor, to overcome the pure fluorescent dyes easy bleaching, prone to self quenching, poor stability disadvantages; use of single molecule photon counting techniques as a means of detection, with detection of small volume, little dosage, low background noise; ensure the sensor with high sensitivity. Based on the recognition interaction between functional nucleic acids and heavy metal ions, metal enhanced fluorescence sensor is designed; application of single molecule photon counting for the novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer system. The purpose of high sensitivity, high selective determination of the pollutants in environmental samples is attained. A new method for the detection of heavy metal ions based on single molecule photon counting technique is established. The successful implementation of this project will have a positive impact on environmental pollution control and prevention.

近年来，重金属污染已成为影响环境卫生、食品安全、人类健康等方面的严重问题。为了满足对重金属离子的快速、灵敏、选择性检测的需要，对重金属离子传感器的性能提出了更高的要求。本项目拟将功能化的核苷酸与重金属离子的特异性识别作用引入到传感器的设计中，保证传感器的高选择性。利用金属增强荧光作为传感器的输出信号，利用单分子光子计数技术作为检测手段，克服纯荧光染料易漂白，易发生自身猝灭、稳定性差缺点，具有检测体积小、用量少、背景干扰小优点，保证传感器的高灵敏性。设计功能化核酸识别的金属增强荧光传感器，利用荧光共聚焦显微系统构建的单分子光子计数系统研究能量转移体系的荧光强度变化，以期对环境样品中的重金属污染物进行高灵敏度、高选择性测定的目的。从而建立基于单分子光子计数技术的重金属离子检测的新方法。这一项目的成功实施将对重金属环境污染治理与防治产生积极的影响。