基于石墨稀纳米传感器高灵敏度检测肺癌标志物的研究

Lung cancer is one of the most malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality in the world. Tumor biomarker is created and secreted by tumor cells, and released into the blood, body fluids, and tissue fluid. In the clinical diagnosis, there is no specific biomarker to detect lung cancer. Therefore, it is very crucial for the multi-biomarker detection to early diagnosis of lung cancer, classification and treatment. However, most current methods for biomarker detection have technical limitations such as sample preparation complexity, specific detector requirements and low sensitivity. This project provides a novel nano-biosensor, which integrates array electrode and microchip for the quantitative detection of multi-tumor biomarkers in lung cancer. This nano-biosensor uses a functionalized graphene nano-material to immobilize antibody and modify electrode. And it can significantly improve the sensitivity and resolution of the nano-biosensor due to its good bioactivity and high conductivity. This project will improve the rate of early diagnosis for lung cancers, and has important clinic value and social significance.

肺癌是世界上发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一。肿瘤标志物是一种在肿瘤发生发展过程中由肿瘤细胞产生和分泌并释放到血液、体液、组织液中的物质。在临床中尚无单一的肿瘤标志物可直接对肺癌诊断，因此肿瘤标志物的联合检测，对于肺癌的早期诊断与分型、治疗、预后有着非常重大的意义。目前，肿瘤标志物的检测方法存在样品用量大、需要前处理、操作繁琐、灵敏度低等缺点。本项目基于MEMS技术制备集成阵列电极的纳米传感器芯片，建立对肺癌多种肿瘤标志物同时定量检测的方法。本项目拟采用高导电性及良好生物相容性的功能化石墨烯纳米复合来固定抗体和修饰电极，显著增加了抗体的固定效率和电子在电极表面的传导速率，从而提高传感器的检测灵敏度和分辨率。本项目的研究成果将为临床中肺癌的早期诊断提供依据，具有重要的临床应用价值和社会意义。

本课题设计了基于石墨烯以及微流控芯片的肿瘤标志物检测传感器。通过拉曼光谱以及电化学检测对石墨烯电极进行了表征与分析，考察溶液的PH值对石墨烯电极的影响以及蛋白在石墨烯电极表面的吸附作用。利用双功能探针在石墨烯表面修饰肿瘤标志物的抗体，并通过原子力显微镜（AFM）与电化学阻抗谱进行了修饰前后的表征与验证。我们同时利用石墨烯电极以及微流控芯片实现了对肿瘤标志物高灵敏度的检测，检测限可以达到pg/mL量级。本课题的探索与实验为石墨烯生物传感在未来的构建以及未来的临床应用提供了一些有价值的参考。