After 16 years of the implementation of the universal salt iodization (USI), our country had made great progress in the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), and the damages of iodine excess on health have drawn more and more attention. The research group observed the relation of iodine excess and bone metabolism disorders in the pre-animal experiment. Combining with the survey results of thyroid diseases in population with excessive iodine intake, we think that bone mass reducing has become to another harzard to human health caused by iodine excess, except for thyroid diseases. Therefore, on the bases of existing reseach results, we plan to observe and demonstrate the effect of iodine excess on human mass by the survey of adults in areas with excessive iodine or appropriate iodine intake. We also plan to make a preliminary study of mechanism of action on iodine excess-thyroid hormone-bone metabolism by observing the expression of TNF-α in bone tissue, IGF-1 in serum of the rats with excessive iodine intake, and the expression of FGFR1、Cbfa1、RANKL in osteoblast and RANK、TRAF6 mRNA/protein in osteoclast. According the research result, we can possess the current status of osteotrophy of population with excessive iodine intake in our country, definite the relationship between iodine excess and bone mass, and preliminary clarify the mechanism of action on bone metabolism of iodine excess. The project could provide reference data for the prevention and cure of endorine osteoporotic caused by iodine excess,and the scientific and permanent implementation of USI in our country,which has significant pubulic health significance in the current iodine background.
经过16年全民食盐加碘计划的实施,我国在碘缺乏病防治方面取得巨大成绩,碘过量对健康的危害日益受到关注。课题组在前期动物实验中观察到碘过量与骨代谢异常的关系,结合前期对高碘人群甲状腺疾病的调查结果,认为由碘过量引发的骨量降低已成为继甲状腺疾病后,高碘对人体健康的又一危害。故在已有研究基础上,本项目通过对高碘/适碘地区成人的调查,观察并论证碘过量对人群骨量的影响;通过观察高碘大鼠骨组织中TNF-α及血清IGF-1的表达;成骨细胞中FGFR1、Cbfa1、RANKL及破骨细胞中RANK、TRAF6 mRNA/蛋白的表达,对碘过量-甲状腺激素-骨代谢间的作用机制进行初步探讨。本研究结果可掌握我国碘过量摄入人群的骨营养现状,明确碘过量与骨量的关系;初步阐明碘过量对骨代谢的作用机制。为碘过量致内分泌型骨质疏松的防治,以及我国补碘政策科学、长久的实施提供数据参考,在当前碘背景下具有重要的公共卫生意义。
背景:经过20余年全民食盐加碘(USI)计划的实施,我国在防治碘缺乏病方面取得巨大的成绩,但由于地理环境的多样性等方面的影响,我国也存在部分人群因碘绝对与相对过量暴露处于碘过量状态。目的:在前期工作基础上,探讨碘过量对人体健康,尤其是骨营养的影响及可能的机制。方法:1.人群调查:选择高水碘和适碘地区成人和儿童为调查对象,采集其尿液,静脉血等指标,进行碘营养水平(尿碘),甲状腺功能(FT3,FT4和TSH)及骨营养(指骨骨密度,BGP和TRAP-5b)的评价。2.动物实验:将断乳1个月的wistar大鼠随机分为5组,除对照组外,其余4组给予含不同碘剂量的饮用水。各组大鼠的碘摄入量分别为6.15、30.75、61.5、307.5和615μg/d。在饲养第6和第12个月采集大鼠股骨,静脉血等样本,对股骨组织结构(骨密度,HE染色),股骨骨骺端骨小梁三维微结构(Micro CT),骨矿化功能(盐酸四环素、钙黄绿素标记,共聚焦显微镜成像),成骨和破骨功能(RUNX2、OCN、MMP-9和CtsK mRNA)及软骨生长板(HE染色,collagen II、collagen X、FGFR1和 MMP-13 mRNA)进行测定分析。结果:1.人群调查发现与适碘地区相比,高水碘地区成人和儿童亚临床甲状腺功能减退发生率明显增加(p<0.05);成人高碘摄入合并高氟可致指骨骨量减少(p<0.05);儿童轻度碘过量摄入可致指骨骨量减少(p<0.05),血清TRAP-5b水平增加(p<0.05),TSH水平与指骨骨量呈负相关(p<0.05)。2.动物实验发现高碘组大鼠骨量丢失(P<0.01),骨微结构严重破坏,骨小梁缺损严重;高碘组大鼠盐酸四环素、钙黄绿素双标记线间距变窄,高剂量碘组出现明显的断裂,MAR明显下降(P<0.01);各高碘组大鼠股骨组织中MMP-9与CtsK mRNA明显增加(P<0.01)。高碘组大鼠还出现软骨生长板结构破坏,增殖细胞减少,肥大细胞层次增多,软骨钙化不良。关节软骨组织中II型胶原、MMP-13mRNA表达量明显增高(P<0.05)。结论:长期碘过量摄入增加甲状腺疾病发生的风险,还可导致骨量减少,这一作用可能是碘过量导致骨矿化能力障碍,抑制了大鼠成年期的正常骨重建与生长板损伤的联合作用结果。提示在防治碘缺乏病的同时,应科学合理地补碘,避免长期碘过量带来的危害。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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