葡萄抗寒主效QTL精细作图及其候选基因分析

Low temperature is an important factor for the grape production in cold region. The location and clone the major cold resistance gene and definite the control mechanism of the grape cold resistance possess important guidance for the breeding of cold resistance grape. Our team constructed the mapping population based the the cross of high cold resistance Vitis amurensis Rupr. and Vitis vinifera L. and also finish the QTL mapping of the cold resistance, based on this,using High-throughput sequencing, we constructed the high density genome-wide SNP molecular genetic map, and on the chromosome of 7 and 15, we found 4 major cold resistance genes. We anchored to the physical map within 100 KB - 2 MB area. This study will continue to conduct the fine QTL mapping in the major cold resistance area, from expanding the mapping population, local refinement in the genetic map and re-sequcecing for the parent plants, combining with bioinformatic analysis to determine the candidate of cold resistance, completing the analysis of the candidate gene sequence and the development of SNP location, we will use association analysis to verify them in the resource population and other mapping population. The result will lay a good foundation for the genetic mechanism of the grape cold resistance and the cold resistance grape species breeding from the way of molecular assistant selection and genetic engineering breeding in the future.

低温是限制寒冷地区葡萄生产发展的一个重要因素。定位和克隆葡萄抗寒主效基因，明确葡萄抗寒性的遗传控制机制，对于培育抗寒葡萄品种具有重要的指导意义。课题组前期以抗寒性强的山葡萄与欧亚种葡萄杂交创建作图群体，并完成了葡萄抗寒性QTL初步定位。在此基础上，通过高通量测序技术构建出覆盖全基因组的超高密度SNP分子遗传图谱，在第7号和15号染色体中获得了4个抗寒主效QTL并锚定到物理图谱100Kb-2Mb范围内。本研究将进一步对获得的抗寒主效QTL区域开展精细作图，通过扩大作图群体、遗传图谱局部加密、开展亲本基因组重测序等方法，结合生物信息学分析确定抗寒候选基因，完成候选基因序列分析及SNP位点发掘，采用关联分析方法在资源群体及其他作图群体中进行验证。研究结果对于深入解析葡萄抗寒性的分子遗传机制打下基础，也为今后通过分子辅助育种及基因工程育种途径加速培育优质、抗寒葡萄品种打下基础。

低温是限制寒冷地区葡萄生产发展的一个重要因素。定位和克隆葡萄抗寒主效基因，明确葡萄抗寒性的遗传控制机制，对于培育抗寒葡萄品种具有重要的指导意义。本项目本项目针对前期获得的抗寒主效QTL区域开展精细作图，通过扩大作图群体、遗传图谱的局部加密，结合生物信息学分析，全面发掘基因组中与抗寒性有关的候选基因，克隆关键候选基因并解析其基因结构，研究结果对于揭示葡萄抗寒性的分子遗传机制具有重要意义，也为今后通过分子辅助育种及基因工程育种途径加速培育优质、抗寒葡萄品种打下基础。