少周期脉冲激光诱导半导体微结构超快动力学及量子相干控制

The project mainly studies ultrafast dynamics and quantum coherent control induced by few-cycle pulses in semiconductor microstructure including semiconductor quantum wells and semiconductor quantum dots.Through the theoretical study, we will found and expand the effective theoretical model and the numerical calculating program without using the slow varying envelope approximation (SVEA) beyond the rotating wave approximation (RWA). The main study of the project include controlling carrier Rabi oscillation of the ultrafast laser, the generation and control of the optical soliton, the related temporal quantum coherent effect and ultrafast control of the quantum state, etc. Research on the extremely nonlinear optical and quantum optical phenomena induced by ultrafast laser pulses in semiconductor microstructure system will reveal unknown domain in nonliear optics and quantum optics. The study of the present project will also reveal the new method of the ultrafast population transfer and ultrafast rotation of the electron spin of the semiconductor microstructures. It is sure that these studies will open up and develop the new fields for ultrafast detection and application of ultrafast pulsed laser. These studies will also promote the cross of the rising discipline in the interaction system between ultrafast pulsed lasers and semiconductor micro structure. These studies will provide a route to the development for the storage and extraction of optical information, micro-nano photonic devices, high precision nonlinear spectroscopy and quantum information science.

该项目开展少周期脉冲激光诱导半导体微结构系统（包括半导体量子阱、量子点）的超快动力学行为及量子相干控制的研究。它旨在建立和发展非缓变包络近似和非旋波近似条件下超快脉冲激光与半导体微结构相互作用的有效理论和严格数值计算方法；研究超快脉冲激光操控载波Rabi振荡、孤子脉冲产生等非线性光学效应；探讨相关超快瞬态量子相干效应及量子态的超快操控；揭示少周期脉冲激光操纵半导体微结构系统中超快动力学过程的新现象和新机制；探索少周期脉冲激光诱导量子态布居的超快传输、电子自旋的超快旋转操作的新原理和新方法；研究半导体微结构中载流子的激发、弛豫及超快激光操控过程。这种研究将开辟和发展超快脉冲激光相关全新的探测和应用领域，有助于促进超快脉冲激光和半导体微结构相互作用中相干非线性光学的交叉融合，对光信息的存储和提取、微纳光子器件、高精度非线性光谱学和量子信息学等高新技术的研发具有重要意义。

该项目主要深入开展了少周期脉冲激光诱导半导体微结构系统的超快动力学行为及量子相干控制的研究。我们建立了非缓变包络近似和非旋波近似条件下超快脉冲激光与半导体微结构相互作用的半经典理论和传输矩阵理论，发展了Maxwell-Bloch方程的严格数值计算方法。我们研究了周期量级皮秒脉冲激光诱导的半导体量子点中电子的超快传输动力学，揭示了周期量级皮秒脉冲激光对量子点中载流子的超快传输的调制机制。我们研究了高斯脉冲激光在一类非对称半导体量子阱结构中传播的非线性动力学行为，发现了脉冲在介质中的传播动力学、脉冲的反射、透射、非线性效应、参量转换效率等能通过量子阱间隧穿导致的Fano干涉效应进行调制。我们研究了半导体量子点与金纳米球杂化体系中少周期飞秒脉冲激光位置依赖的近场增强效应，揭示了表面等离激元调制半导体量子点在超快时间尺度内的周期性吸收和增益的物理机制。此外，我们还发现通过表面等离激元增强近场可以实现非线性的超快响应从而导致高次谐波以及孤立的超短极紫外脉冲辐射，并且揭示了通过表面等离激元共振实现谐波截止能量以及孤立的超短极紫外脉冲宽度调制的物理机制。基于半导体量子点-光学微腔耦合系统，我们提出利用附加的满足parity-time(PT)对称的光学双腔系统对半导体量子点-光学微腔耦合系统输出的光学高阶边带进行了调控，揭示了附加的光学双腔从PT对称到对称破缺对光学高阶边带的影响。..