干旱区浅水草型湖泊水文过程与营养盐交互作用下水生植物响应机制研究

Study on the coupling of hydrological elements,nutrients and hydrophytes is the important part of eco-hydrological process analysis for the lake, and also the significant theory basis for solving algae bloom problem of the shallow lake in the arid area. Wuliangsuhai lake is selected as the study area.On consideraion of the influence of climate change and human activities, the statistical data, satellite images and monitoring data are used, the hydrological and meteorologic data are observed, and samples of hydrophyte and nutrients are tested. In the study, the theories of eco-hydrology, geological statistics and lake hydrodynamics and the techniques of GIS, GPS and RS are applied. Then, according to the temporal scale of short term fluctuation, seasonal change in the year and inter annual variation, spatio-temporal variability of hydrological elements, environmental factors and distribution patterns of hydrophytes are analyzed, and the response machenism of hydrophytes to hydrological factors or nutrients are studied. Moreover, the coupling model can be built and the response mechanisms of hydrophytes to the integrated influences of hydrological factors and nutrients are discussed. Finally, the contributions of hydrological elements, hydrophytes and nutrients for ecological environment are quantitatively studied. The study can offer the theoretical basis for solving the environmental problems, and fill up the absence of the regularity study in the shallow-weed lake of arid area.

湖泊水文过程、营养盐与水生植物耦合作用研究是深入分析湖泊生态水文过程的重要组成部分，也是解决干旱区浅水湖泊水华频发的重要理论基础。本项目选择乌梁素海为研究区，考虑气候变化和人类活动的双重影响，以统计数据、遥感影像数据及历史监测数据为基础，通过湖泊水文过程、水生植物、水质联合观测与实验，运用生态水文学、湖泊动力学、地质统计学及3S等基本理论与技术，按照短期、年内季节性和年际变动三个时间尺度，分析湖泊水文要素和营养盐的时空动态变化与水生植被的时空分布格局，研究水文过程与营养盐单要素作用下水生植物的响应机制，构建干旱区浅水草型湖泊水文－营养盐－水生植物耦合模型，模拟不同水文、营养盐情景下湖泊水生植物的生长状态，揭示水文过程与营养盐交互作用下水生植物的响应机制，定量研究人类活动及气候变化对湖泊生态环境的贡献率，为湖泊富营养化及水华防治提供理论依据，同时填补干旱区浅水草型湖泊生态水文规律性的不足。

湖泊水文过程、营养盐与水生植物耦合作用研究是深入分析湖泊生态水文过程的重要组成部分，也是解决干旱区浅水湖泊水华频发的重要理论基础。本项目选择乌梁素海为研究区，考虑气候变化和人类活动的双重影响，以统计数据、遥感影像数据及历史监测数据为基础，通过湖泊水文过程、水生植物、水质联合观测与实验，按照宏观与微观尺度，分析湖泊水文要素和营养盐的时空动态变化与水生植被的时空分布格局，研究水文过程与营养盐单要素作用下水生植物的响应机制，构建干旱区浅水草型湖泊IPH-ECO模型，模拟不同情景下湖泊水生植物的生长状态，揭示水文过程与营养盐交互作用下水生植物的响应机制，为湖泊富营养化及水华防治提供理论依据，同时弥补干旱区浅水草型湖泊生态水文规律性的不足。