准16天和准10天行星波时空分布特征及其变化机制的观测和数值模拟研究

As one of the most universal and important waves, planetary wave could exert crucial impacts on the dynamic and thermodynamic structures of the local and global atmosphere. The quasi-16-day and quasi-10-day planetary waves are dominant ones in the troposphere, and their upward propagations would affect the dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of the middle and upper atmosphere, leading to the coupling between the different layers of the atmosphere. By utilizing the combination of MERRA reanalysis data, satellite (COSMIC and TIMED/SABER) observational data, as well as the ground-based observations from the MST and meteor radars, together with the numerical simulations under different conditions of background wind and forcing, we would investigate the global distributions and seasonal variation characteristics of the quasi-16-day and quasi-10-day planetary waves in the troposphere, stratosphere, and the mesosphere and low thermosphere, and further explore their variation mechanisms. We would thoroughly study the interactions between the background atmosphere and the quasi-16-day and quasi-10-day planetary waves, and reveal their modulation effects on the tropospheric jet and tropopause, as well as their impacts on the structure and variation of the mesosphere. We would also dig deeply into the interactions between the quasi-16-day and quasi-10-day planetary waves and gravity waves, as well as their effects. This project research would be helpful to clarify the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and their formation mechanisms of planetary waves, and thoroughly comprehend the involved energy coupling mechanisms of the middle and upper atmosphere.

作为大气中最普遍、最重要的波动之一，行星波对局地和全球大气的动力学和热力学结构有着重要影响。准16天和准10天行星波是对流层大气中占主导地位的行星波，它们向上的传播会影响中高层大气的动力学和热力学特性，并导致大气不同层区的耦合。本项目拟利用MERRA再分析资料、COSMIC和TIMED/SABER卫星观测资料以及MST雷达和流星雷达等地基观测资料，结合不同背景风和强迫下的数值模拟，分析准16天和准10天行星波在不同层区（对流层、平流层以及中间层和低热层）的全球分布及季节变化特征，并探索其变化机制。深入研究准16天和准10天行星波与背景大气的相互作用，揭示它们对对流层急流和对流层顶的调制效应，对中间层大气结构和变化的影响；深入研究准16天和准10天行星波与重力波的相互作用过程及其效应。本项目的研究有助于理解大气行星波的时空分布特征及其形成机制，深入了解行星波相关的中高层大气能量耦合机制。

作为大气中最普遍、最重要的波动之一，行星波对局地和全球大气的动力学和热力学结构有着重要影响。准16天和准10天行星波是中高层大气中占主导地位的行星波，它们从激发源向上的传播会影响中高层大气的动力学和热力学特性，并导致大气在不同层区的耦合。本项目利用多种再分析资料(MERRA-2、ERA-Interim和ERA5)、COSMIC和EOS MLS卫星观测资料以及MST雷达和流星雷达等地基观测资料，结合不同背景风和强迫下的数值模拟，分析了准16天和准10天行星波在不同层区（对流层、平流层以及中间层和低热层）的全球分布及逐日变化、逐月变化、年际间变化和长期变化特征，并进一步探索了相应的变化机制。深入研究了准16天和准10天行星波与背景大气的相互作用，揭示了它们对对流层急流和对流层顶的调制效应，对中间层大气结构和变化的影响；深入研究了准16天和准10天行星波与重力波的相互作用过程及其效应。本项目的研究有助于理解大气行星波的时空分布特征及其形成机制，深入了解行星波相关的中高层大气能量耦合机制。