光控单分子人工离子通道的分子工程及其在生物医药领域的应用研究

The ion channels in the cell membrane are important as transport tools to maintain the normal life process, and the abnormalities of structures and functions always cause thousands of human diseases. Therefore, simulation the ion transport by gated artificial ion channels has important scientific significance and application prospects. According to the low transport efficiency and complex transmembrane structures for small molecular self-assembled artificial ion channels, this project aims to construct single molecular artificial ion channels， in which light-gated function is further introduced based on the manipulation advantages of light to finally achieve efficient, light-regulated ion transport. We plan to use molecular engineering and modular design to construct single molecular light-controlled artificial ion channels: rigid rod oligomers as immobilization module, which plays the role of membrane insertion and transmembrane function; azobenzene photostwitch or o-nitrobenzyl phototrigger as photosensitive module, which provides the light-regulated function; and crown ethers as channel module, which realizes the transport function with ion selectivity by the self-assembled stacking. By adjusting and optimizing the structure and function of each module, single molecular artificial ion channels will be optimized with excellent ion transmission capacity and light regulation, thus enabling the biomedical applications in sterilization, anticancer therapy and diseases treatment.

细胞膜上离子通道是维持生命过程的重要转运工具，其通道结构与功能的异常会导致许多人类疾病，研究可调控的人工离子通道来模拟其功能将有着重要的科研意义与应用前景。针对小分子自组装类人工离子通道跨膜效率低、跨膜结构复杂等问题，本项目旨在构建单分子人工离子通道，并依托光的操控优势引入光门控功能，实现高效的、光可调控的离子传输。主要利用分子工程学方法对分子结构进行模块化设计：以刚性低聚物为固定杆模块，实现上膜和跨膜的功能；以偶氮苯、邻硝基苄基等为光控模块，实现光调控功能；以氮杂冠醚、苯并冠醚等为通道模块,通过超分子自组装堆积实现离子选择性传输的功能。通过调节并优化各个模块的结构与功能，筛选出具有高效离子传输能力、可光调控的单分子人工离子通道，从而实现在杀菌、抗癌、疾病治疗等生物医药领域的应用。

细胞膜上离子通道是维持生命过程的重要转运工具，其通道结构与功能的异常会导致许多人类疾病，研究功能性的人工离子通道来模拟天然离子通道的结构、功能将有着重要的科研意义与应用前景。本项目针对当前人工离子通道跨膜效率低、选择性不高等问题，构建了一系列人工离子传输体系，通过超分子识别和光化学反应，实现高效的、光可调控、具有选择性的离子跨膜传输。主要利用分子工程学方法对分子结构进行模块化设计、通过调节并优化各个模块的结构与功能，筛选出具有高效离子传输能力、并具有门控性和离子选择性的离子传输体系，为模拟天然离子通道结构功能提供新的思路，并为实现其在杀菌、抗癌、疾病治疗等生物医药领域的应用提供可能。