连续型三维碳纳米复合材料基酶修饰电极及柔性化的研究

Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) is a device which utilizes the enzyme as the catalyst to convert the chemical energy to the electric energy. Especially, it can produce the electric energy by using the biomass energy in the living body, which make it own great potential in the application of implantable or wearable power supply. Currently, EBFCs still has some problems such as enzyme catalyst easy to inactivation, poor stability and low electron transfer rate of catalytic process. This project aims at these problems and its future development trends, intends to develop a continuous and three-dimensional carbon nanocomposites as the enzyme carries for construction of the enzyme-modified electrodes with the high catalytic performance and good stability. Study the bioelectrochemical properties of the enzyme-modified electrodes and construct the enhanced EBFCs. In addition, this project intends to utilize the supercritical carbonization and the freeze-drying method to develop a novel flexible enzyme-modified electrode based on carbon aerogel with the help of the three dimensional porous hydrogels and the cross linking. Study its bioelectrochemical properties and explore the implantable or flexible enzyme-modified electrode model. The successful implementation of this project will provide the new research strategy for developing enhanced enzymatic carrier materials and novel flexible enzyme-modified electrode.

酶生物燃料电池（EBFCs）是一种利用生物酶作为催化剂将化学能转化为电能的装置，特别是它可以利用生物体内的生物质能产电，因此其在作为可植入式或可穿戴式电源方面有着巨大的应用潜力。目前，EBFCs仍然存着酶催化剂易失活、稳定性差、催化过程电子传递速率低等问题。本项目针对这些问题及其未来发展趋势，拟研发连续型三维碳纳米复合材料基酶载体以构建催化性高、稳定性好的酶修饰电极，研究其生物电化学性能，以期制备出高性能的EBFCs；拟借助水凝胶三维多孔结构及交联作用，利用超临界碳化和冷冻干燥法开发新型柔性碳气凝胶基酶修饰电极，研究其生物电化学性能，探索可植入式或可穿戴式柔性酶修饰电极模型。本项目的成功实施将为开发新型高性能酶修饰电极载体材料和柔性酶修饰电极提供新的研究思路。

本项目从设计、构建连续型三维碳纳米材料入手，通过提高酶负载量和酶与电极之间的电子传递，以期获得输出功率高、稳定性好、长寿命的酶修饰电极。本项目共研发了3种连续型三维碳纳米材料，分被为碳化聚苯胺@碳纳米管（PANIx@CNTs，x为碳化温度）、碳化聚苯胺@石墨烯（PANIx@Gr，x为碳化温度）和碳化聚苯胺-聚乙烯醇（PANI-PVA），这些材料均表现出良好的物理化学性能，重点研究了基于PANI-PVA型碳气凝胶的乳酸氧化酶修饰电极的性能，所制备的乳酸驱动集成电子皮肤可产生约1.3 mW cm-2的最大功率密度；另外，尝试了二维碳纳米材料丝蛋白基多孔碳纳米片（AS-PC800）和零维碳纳米材料碳量子点在酶修饰电极上应用，分被研究了它们的生物电化学性能；对酶修饰电极的柔性化研究，本项目开发了一种含有超疏水结构的柔性空气扩散生物阴极，并对该电极进行了相应的生物电化学性能研究。