中华猕猴桃遗传多样性及其与环境因子关系的研究

The genetic diversity of Actinidia chinensis Planch. was studied by random amplified polimorphic DNA (RAPD) technique and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique. Seventeen single primers selected from 80 random primers were used for RAPD analysis. A total of 64 loci were obtained,of which 50 loci were polimorphic,accounting for 78.125%, showing that the level of genetic diversity of actinidia chinensis Planch.was rich.There were different distributions of the level of genetic diversity among Actinidia chinensis Planch.populations in different habitats, and the level of genetic variation of Actinidia chinensis Planch. populations was closely related to their geographic distribution and environmental factor. The results of cluster analysis supported the viewpoint of rasing Actinidia chinensis Planch. var. hispida as a new species. In AFLP analysis,four pairs primers with hight polymorphism and powerful distinctiveness were selected from 64 pairs of primer, and a total of 166 bands were amplified, of which 121 bands were polimorphic, accounting for 72.89%. The results based on RAPD and AFLP data showed the same tendency,but AFLP tachnique can detect more loci related to environmental factor than RAPD tachnique.This indicated that AFLP was more suitable than RAPD in the study on relationship between genetic diversity and environmental factor.

采用RAPD技术和AFLP技术研究中华猕猴桃的遗传多样性，揭示其变种间、变型间和居群间的遗传学关系，探讨中华猕猴桃的遗传多样性与环境因子的关系，这在理论上可以为中华猕猴桃的分子遗传学及分子系统学研究提供基础资料，在实践中可以为中华猕猴桃资源保护、持续利用措施的制定及良种选育提供理论依据。