菱铁矿厌氧微生物氧化界面过程、动力学及其脱氮除磷作用

It is urgent to realize the resouresization of waste water, eliminate the eutrophication and resolve the environmental problem by removal of nitrogen and phosphrous deeply. On the other hand, siderite distributes widely in the world and possesses the performance of catalytic microbe reduction of nitrate and nitrite, and meanwhile the new iron hydroxides formed during the oxidation of siderite by microbe has the property of adsorption of phosphate. Therefore, applicant think that siderite is a kind of potential mineral material in removal of nitrogen and phosphorus simultaneously. This project plan to utilize x-ray diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscope, chemical analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectrscope, etc to investigate the chemistry and microbe oxidation kenetics of siderite and the relative influence factor. The aim is to reveal the process of chemistry and microbe oxidation of siderite and the microstructure of the product, to quest the interface process during the interactions between siderite and anaerobe and the relationship between the phase transformation and nirogen and phosphorus removal, and to investigate the synergic action of the microbe oxidation of siderite adsorption of phosphrous and coupling relationship between decomposition of nitrogen and removal phosphrous by siderite. This research result will play a crucial role in the development of environment mineralogy and the reseach of relative technique, for example understanding the oxidation process of siderite and its significance in environment, proccessing and application of siderite, treating poor groundwater and its resouresization, etc.

深度脱氮除磷是我国实现废水资源化、消除水体富营养化、解决水环境问题的迫切需求。资源丰富的菱铁矿作为无机电子供体具有催化微生物还原硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐的作用，同时其微生物氧化产物又具有较强磷吸附作用，因而申请人认为菱铁矿是潜在的同步脱氮除磷功能矿物材料。通过设计化学及(亚)硝酸盐-厌氧微生物-菱铁矿反应体系，监测体系中固、液、气三相产物的组分、浓度、形貌、结构等特征，建立菱铁矿化学及微生物厌氧氧化动力学并分析其影响因素，查明菱铁矿氧化产物的物相、成分、微形貌/结构、赋存形态等特征，探索厌氧微生物与菱铁矿交互作用的界面过程、相转变与脱氮除磷的内在联系，阐明菱铁矿厌氧氧化与同步脱氮除磷之间的制约和耦合关系，优化菱铁矿厌氧同步脱氮除磷的工艺参数。研究成果对认识自然环境中菱铁矿氧化作用及环境效应有重要理论意义，对菱铁矿资源加工和新材料应用、劣质地下水处理、废水深度处理等有较重要的实践意义。

对安徽铜陵地菱铁矿矿资源进行了野外考察采样，系统的XRD、XRF、FE-SEM、TEM、AAS、ICP-MS分析，查明了菱铁矿矿石的矿物组成、主量与微量元素组成、微观结构特征，发现铜陵地区菱铁矿具有富锰的晶体化学特点，结合铜陵地区石炭-二叠纪沉积古地理沉积环境，阐明了铜陵地区菱铁矿富锰的地球化学机制。.对菱铁矿不同温度、气氛和时间的热处理获得的系列衍生样品进行系统的XRD、TEM、BET-N2分析，以及对菱铁矿进行热重、TPD、原位加热的红外光谱分析，揭示了菱铁矿在不同气氛下热化学反应活性、物相演变规律、产物结构特性，热分解纳米化过程和结构演变规律。指明富锰菱铁矿具有较高的热化学反应活性，属于易于热处理纳米结构化的矿物资源。发明了系列通过矿物热分解相变实现纳米化的矿物新材料制备方法。.菱铁矿与依赖硝酸盐铁氧化菌PXL1相互作用实验表明，微生物加速了菱铁矿的氧化和硝酸盐的还原，微生物可以利用菱铁矿中的亚铁作为电子供体还原硝酸盐。同时，新生铁氢氧化物具有高效固磷的作用，菱铁矿作为渗滤介质可以同步去除水中的硝酸盐和磷酸盐，为低品位菱铁矿在富营养化水处理、海绵城市和生态环境建设等方面的应用奠定了理论基础。.本项目已经在国际SCI刊物发表论文6篇，在国内中文核心刊物发表学术论文8篇，申请发明专利7项，已获得授权发明专利4项，培养硕博研究生5名。参加国际学术会议1人次，支持课题组成员及研究生参加了各类全国性学术交流会议。