Ischemic stroke is a major disease facing in the current social development, but it is still hard to therapy. A nanoscale vesicle, secreted from mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC), can act as a safe effective treatment. This project plans to study how to protect ischemic brain using MSC-derived exosomes and search the mechanism in it. Bone mesenchymal stromal cell (BMSC) will be treated with hypoxic preconditioning in-vitro to up-regulate miR-210 in their exosome. The effect of exosome to the expression of miR-210 and its targeting genes will be investigated in the rat ischemic model established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Then the protective effects of exosomes will be studied by analyzing infarct volume, cellular damage and apoptosis, neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and behavior test. Furthermore, applying fuorescence microscopy with high spatial and temporal resolution and high sensitivity, the entry of exosomes into neural cells and vascular endothelial cells and the following intracellular trafficking will be studied. At the same time, the release of miRNAs in exosomes and how do them take effects will be investigated. This project will provide a novel method of treatment for cerebral ischemia, and be helpful to the translation from basic research to clinical medicine.
缺血性脑卒中是当前社会发展中面临的重大疾病,目前仍然难以治疗。间充质基质细胞(MSC)分泌的一种名为exosome的纳米级囊泡,可能作为一种安全、有效的治疗方法。本项目研究如何利用MSC来源的exosome保护缺血后的脑组织,并探索其内在机制。拟对体外培养的骨髓间充质基质细胞(BMSC)进行缺氧预处理,上调其分泌的exosome中的miR-210含量。并在大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)法建立的大鼠脑缺血模型上,研究exosome对组织内miR-210水平及其靶基因的影响。通过检测梗死区体积、细胞损伤与凋亡状况、神经和血管再生状况,以及行为学实验研究exosome的保护作用。此外,应用高时空分辨、高灵敏的荧光显微技术,研究exosome进入神经细胞和血管内皮细胞的过程和胞内运输情况,以及其中的miRNA如何释放并发挥功能。本项目为脑缺血的治疗研究提供新的方法,有助基础研究向临床医学转化。
本项目对间充质细胞进行缺氧预处理,从培养液上清中分离外泌体(exosome),研究其对缺血后脑组织的保护作用。首先,利用无铜点击化学这种生物正交的高效特异性反应,将c(RGDyK)靶向肽偶联在exosome表面,制备c(RGDyK)偶联的外泌体。通过大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)法制备脑缺血动物模型,尾静脉注射c(RGDyK)偶联的exosome,并使用近红外荧光成像和组织切片免疫荧光成像,确认exosome能够靶向缺血损伤区,穿过血脑屏障,进入神经细胞。然后,将姜黄素装载进exosome中,静脉注射到小鼠模型中,能够更为有效的抑制脑缺血后的炎症反应,并减少细胞凋亡。进一步的,发现缺氧环境下分泌的exosome显著上调缺血脑区的血管新生,并促进运动功能恢复。本研究的意义如下:(1)发展了一种能够穿过血脑屏障,靶向缺血损伤区的安全、有效的药物载体,为缺血性脑卒中的治疗提供了重要工具;(2)把姜黄素这种天然药物应用到脑缺血的治疗中,在动物模型上取得了良好效果,有可能拓宽卒中治疗的时间窗口,为临床应用提供了新型治疗手段;(3)发现缺氧预处理的细胞分泌的exosome能够促进脑缺血后的血管新生及功能恢复,具有良好的应用前景。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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